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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Nouveaux concepts de revêtements antimicrobiens à base de peptides naturels et polypeptides appliqués aux dispositifs médicaux</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">New concepts of antimicrobial coatings based on natural peptides and polypeptides and applied on medical devices</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Revêtement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Antimicrobien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Antibactérien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Peptide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Médical</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Clivage</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pathogène</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Arginine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Acide hyaluronique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Coating</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Antimicrobial</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Antibacterial</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Peptide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Medical</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cleavage</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pathogen</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Arginine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hyaluronic acid</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027814734" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Agents anti-infectieux</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="029632986" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Couches de Langmuir-Blodgett</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027493105" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Infections nosocomiales</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">De nos jours, la moitié des infections nosocomiales sont liées à la pose de dispositifs médicaux. Dans ce contexte, nous avons développé deux types de revêtements antimicrobiens adaptés au domaine biomédical. Le premier s'appuie sur le greffage d’un peptide comprenant une séquence d’accroche, une séquence antimicrobienne et un site de clivage spécifique d'un pathogène. La séquence antimicrobienne sera alors libérée uniquement en présence du pathogène. Malgré la réussite de l’accroche du peptide, certains paramètres restent encore à optimiser afin d’obtenir un effet antimicrobien. Le deuxième revêtement s’appuie sur la conception d’un film antimicrobien « couche-par-couche » avec l’utilisation de poly(L-arginine) (PAR) et d’acide hyaluronique (HA). L’influence de la taille des chaînes de PAR a été étudiée et seul le film construit à partir de PAR de 30 résidus possède un effet antibactérien. Avec cette PAR, nous avons démontré que HA est le seul polyanion conduisant à des propriétés antibactériennes. Ces propriétés antimicrobiennes sont maintenues lorsque d’autres homopolypeptides cationiques sont associés à HA.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Nowadays, about half of hospital-acquired infections are due to medical devices implantation. In this context, we have developed two types of antimicrobial coatings adapted to the biomedical field. The first one is based on peptide composed of an anchoring sequence, an antimicrobial sequence and a pathogen-specific cleavage site and grafted on the substrate. The antimicrobial site will be released only in the presence of the pathogen through the use of the cleavage site. Despite of the success of peptide grafting, some parameters must be optimized in order to obtain an antimicrobial effect. The second antimicrobial coating concept is based on the layer-by-layer technique by using poly(L-arginine) (PAR) and hyaluronic acid (HA). The effect of the size of PAR chains on the antimicrobial character of the coating was investigated and it is proven that only films composed with PAR of 30 residues present an antibacterial effect. Moreover HA is the only polyanion leading to such antimicrobial multilayer. It is also demonstrated that this antimicrobial properties is maintained when other cationic homopolypeptides are used in association with HA in layer-by-layer films.</dcterms:abstract>
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