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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation et optimisation de biomatériaux pour le traitement de la hernie diaphragmatique congénitale à large défect</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Hernie diaphragmatique</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="09951835X" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Hernie diaphragmatique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les prothèses diaphragmatiques en ePTFE utilisées dans la hernie diaphragmatique congénitale à large défect ont une faible étirabilité, ce qui entrainera des récidives herniaires au cours de la croissance de l’enfant. En effet, l’analyse en imagerie montre que la surface du diaphragme grandit de 4-5 fois jusqu’à l’adolescence. De plus, les mesures de rigidité des surfaces de prothèses explantés, montrent l’influence des contraintes mécaniques appliquées sur la structure des matrices extracellulaires néoformées. Afin de favoriser l’intégration tissulaire du ePTFE, nous avons testé un moyen de fonctionnaliser le ePTFE avec la polydopamine sur une seule face. Le revêtement nanoscopique favorise la colonisation cellulaire. Enfin, ce travail de thèse présente une méthode originale de réalisation d’une nouvelle membrane bicouche avec des propriétés mécaniques conformes aux exigences chirurgicales. Ce biomatériau innovant et prometteur fait actuellement l’objet d’une Déclaration d’invention.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Electron microscopy assessments of ePTFE prosthesis explants for diaphragmatic congenital hernia repair strongly suggest that the tissue responses are directly related to the surface microstructure of the biomaterial. AFM measurements (Young moduli) emphasize the influence of the mechanical stress applied to the implant on the mechanical properties of the newly formed extracellular matrices. In order to guide the host responses, we undertook to functionalize with polydopamine the ePTFE biomaterial. Electron microscopy investigations reveal the interest of that surface treatment regarding cell colonization of implant. To optimize that approach, we developed an original method aimed to coat only one face of the biomaterial. After determination of the growth rate of the diaphragm from birth to adolescence, we explored the possibility to design a new double-faced mesh able to follow body growth. From this point of view, the initial prototypes are promising and under patent application.</dcterms:abstract>
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