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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude numérique de l'époque de réionisation avec le code de simulation EMMA</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cosmologie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Age sombres</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réionisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Premières étoiles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Méthodes numériques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cosmology</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Dark ages</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Reionization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">First stars</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’époque de réionisation (EoR) est une phase de grands changements qu’a subit l’Univers dans son premier milliard d’années. Suite à l’apparition des premières étoiles et à l’émission de photons énergétique par ces dernières, l’hydrogène a été réionisé. Cette transition a eu un impact sur la formation des galaxies. J’ai activement participé au développement d’EMMA, un code de simulation numérique ayant pour objectif d’étudier les processus à l’œuvre durant l’EoR. J’ai développé et implémenté un modèle de formation et d’évolution stellaire. Ces travaux ont contribué à la réalisation d’une simulation dédiée à l’étude de l’EoR parmi les plus grosses réalisées à l’heure actuelle. J’ai contribué au développement d’outils dédiés à l’exploration de simulations de ce type. J’ai étudié la façon dont le rayonnement s’échappe des galaxies en fonction des paramètres du modèle stellaire, et montré que les supernovæ peuvent augmenter la fraction de photons libérés. J’ai également étudié la propagation des fronts d’ionisation et montré qu’il était possible de réduire la vitesse de la lumière par trois (et ainsi diminuer le temps de calcul du transfert du rayonnement par 3), tout en conservant des résultats corrects ?</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The epoch of reionization (EoR) is a phase of big changes in the first billion years of the Universe history. After the apparition of the first stars and the emission of energetic radiation by thoses ones, the hydrogen was reionized. This transition has an impact on the galaxies formations. I was part of the development team of EMMA, a numerical simulation code who aimed to study the processes happening during the EoR. I developed and implement a stellar formation and evolution model. These works contributed to the realisation of one of the biggest simulation dedicated to the study of the EoR yet. I contribute to the development of a tool dedicated to the exploration of this kind of simulations. I study how the radiation escaped the galaxies as a function of the parameters of the stellar model, and showed that supernovae could increase the ratio of escaping photon. I also studied the ionization fronts propagation and showed that the speed of light could be reduced by a factor 3 (and then divide the computational cost of the radiative transfer by 3), while keeping corrects results .</dcterms:abstract>
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