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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Synthèse totale de mycolactone A/B et d'analogues ciblés pour l'étude mécanistique de l'ulcère de Buruli</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ulcère de Buruli</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mycolactone</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Buruli ulcer</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’ulcère de Buruli est une maladie nécrotique de la peau présente dans plus de trente pays dans le monde, et affectant principalement le continent africain et l’Océanie. L’infection est due à Mycobacterium ulcerans (M. ulcerans), un micro-organisme qui sécrète une exotoxine appelée mycolactone, représentant le premier polycétide isolé d’un pathogène humain. La maladie est caractérisée par la formation progressive de lésions nécrotiques combinée à une absence de réponse immunitaire et de sensation de douleur ; la mycolactone est connue pour être directement impliquée dans ce mécanisme biologique. A ce jour, aucun traitement totalement performant et spécifique contre l’ulcère de Buruli n’a été développé, ce qui révèle le manque crucial de connaissances sur les mécanismes chimique et biologique. Dans ce contexte, le projet développé s’intéresse à l’élucidation du mécanisme d’action des mycolactones en utilisant la synthèse totale comme outil principal. Pour cela, notre équipe a mis au point une voie de synthèse modulaire permettant la préparation de la toxine naturelle et de ses différents analogues en vue de les tester biologiquement et d’affiner ainsi notre compréhension mécanistique de cette infection.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Buruli ulcer is a necrotizing skin disease present in more than thirty countries in the world, located mainly in West and Central Africa but also in Australia and in Japan. This infection is caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans (M. ulcerans) that secretes a macrolide toxin called mycolactone, which is the first polyketide isolated from a human pathogen. The disease is characterized by the formation of painless progressive necrotic lesions combined with a lack of acute inflammatory response, and mycolactone is known to be directly involved in the biological mechanism. To date no specific and completely efficient treatment of Buruli ulcer has been developed which correlates with the dramatic lack of understanding of the associated chemical and biological mechanisms. In this context, this research project aims at a better understanding of mycolactone A/B molecular interactions by using total synthesis as main tool. To this end, our research team has developed an efficient synthetic pathway allowing the preparation of the natural toxin and its differents analogues for purposes of their biological evaluation and fine-tuning our mechanical understanding of this infection.</dcterms:abstract>
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