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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Biogénèse des siRNAs endogènes chez Arabidopsis thaliana : étude fonctionnelle de DRB7.2, une nouvelle protéine de fixation à l'ARN double brin et développement d'outils moléculaires pour la caractérisation du mode d'action de DCL4</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">siRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana : functional study of a new double-stranded RNA binding protein, DRB7.2 and developement of molecular tools for DCL4 study</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">DRBs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">SRNAs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">EndoIR</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Séquestration</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">DCL4</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Outils moléculaires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Spécificité de reconnaissance</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">DRBs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">SRNAs</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sequestration</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">DCLs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Molecular tools</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Structural determinants</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="077071794" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Plantes -- Inactivation génique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="08522457X" autoriteSource="Sudoc">ARN interférence</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="073294578" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Éléments silenceurs transcriptionnels</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les ARN double brin (ARNdb) sont les molécules clés initiatrices du RNA silencing, à partir desquelles les différentes classes de petits ARN (sRNAs), conférant la séquence spécificité de ce mécanisme, vont être produit. Chez la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana, le clivage des divers ARNdb en sRNAs est opéré par quatre enzymes de type RNase III, nommées DCL1 à DCL4, dont l’activité peut être assistée par des protéines fixant l’ARNdb (DRBs). Au cours de cette thèse, j’ai pu caractériser la fonction d’une nouvelle DRB, DRB7.2. Les résultats obtenus m’ont permis de démontrer que cette protéine régule la production d’une classe particulière de sRNAs endogènes, les endoIR-siRNAs, en séquestrant spécifiquement leurs précurseurs ARNdb, inhibant ainsi leur clivage par les différents DCLs. En parallèle, j’ai également développé des outils moléculaires afin d’étudier le mode d’action du DCL le plus polyvalent chez les plantes, DCL4. La caractérisation détaillée de ces outils a permis de révéler le rôle clé de déterminant structuraux distinct (protéiques ou nucléiques) impliqués dans la spécificité de reconnaissance et de clivage des divers substrats ARNdb par cette enzyme.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">RNA silencing is initiated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules that will be processed into various classes of small RNAs (sRNAs), which confer the sequence-specificity of this mechanism. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, dsRNA processing is mediated by four distinct RNaseIII-like enzymes, named DCL1 to DCL4, which can be assisted by dsRNA-binding proteins (DRBs). During my PhD, I was able to characterize in details the function of a new DRB protein, DRB7.2. Our results revealed that this protein regulates the accumulation of a specific class of endogenous sRNAs, the endoIR-siRNAs, by selectively sequestering their dsRNA precursors and inhibiting their cleavage by the DCLs. In parallel, I also developed molecular tools to study the mode of action of the most versatile DCL in plants, DCL4. Detailed characterization of these tools revealed key roles of distinct structural determinants (at the protein or RNA level), implicated in the specificity and cleavage efficiency of the various dsRNA susbtrates by DCL4.</dcterms:abstract>
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