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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude in vivo et in vitro du vieillissement des îlots pancréatiques : impact de la sénescence endothéliale et des microparticules sur la fonction des îlots</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">In vivo and in vitro study of pancreatic islets aging : impact of endothelial senescence and microparticles on islet function</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pancréas</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Greffe d’îlots</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cellule-β</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sénescence</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cellules endothéliales</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pancreas</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Islet graft</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Β-cell</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Senescence</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Endothelial cells</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="061730882" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Cellules endothéliales</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ce travail scientifique a abordé la problématique du vieillissement des îlots pancréatiques et l’effet de la senescence endothéliale et des microparticules (MPs) sur la fonction des îlots. Nous avons exploré l’impact du vieillissement du pancréas sur la morphologie, le devenir et la fonction de l’îlot pancréatique par analyse comparative entre pancréas de rats jeunes et d’âge moyen et le rôle des MPs endothéliales pro-sénescentes sur la fonction des îlots et leur sénescence prématurée. Nos résultats in vivo montrent que le pancréas est un organe précocement sensible au stress oxydant s’accumulant avec l’âge. Il conduit à la surexpression des marqueurs procoagulants et de senescence sans apparition d’apoptose. In vitro, les MPs de cellules endothéliales sénescentes ont un effet pro-sénescent sur les îlots pancréatiques isolés de rats jeunes avec une activité SA-β-galactosidase caractéristique, la surexpression des marqueurs p53, p21 et p16 et la réduction de la capacité de la sécrétion d’insuline en réponse au glucose. L’ensemble de nos résultats in vivo et in vitro désigne la contribution de la sénescence endothéliale comme une cause probable à la dysfonction de greffon.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This scientific work has tackled the question of the pancreatic islets aging and the effect of endothelial senescence and microparticles (MPs) on islet function. We investigated the impact of aging on pancreas morphology, fate and on the function of the pancreatic islet by comparative analysis between pancreas in young and middle-aged rats, as well as the role of pro-senescent endothelial MPs on islet function and their premature senescence. Our in vivo data show that the pancreas is an early sensitive organ to oxidative stress accumulating with age and leading to overexpression of the procoagulant and senescence markers without appearance of apoptosis. In vitro, MPs of senescent endothelial cells have a pro-senescent effect on pancreatic islets isolated from young rats with characteristic SA-β-galactosidase activity, overexpression of p53, p21 and p16 markers and reducing the ability of insulin secretion in response to glucose. Altogether, our in vivo and in vitro data indicate the contribution of endothelial senescence as a possible contributor to graft dysfunction.</dcterms:abstract>
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