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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Conservation biology of the European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) : nutritional effects of crops on hamsters fitness and evaluation of their antipredatory behavior to upgrade wildlife underpasses</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Conservation du Grand hamster (Cricetus cricetus) : effets nutritionnels des cultures céréalières sur la fitness de l'espèce et reconnexion des populations à travers la mise en place de systèmes anti-prédation</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Maïs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Agri-faune</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Monoculture</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le Grand hamster (Cricetus cricetus), l’un des mammifères les plus menacés d’Europe, est en voie d’extinction en France. Toutefois, nous manquons d’information sur les causes de son déclin et sur comment améliorer sa conservation. Durant ma thèse, je me suis intéressée à l’effet des cultures sur la reproduction du hamster. Les principaux résultats indiquent qu’une consommation importante de maïs conduit à une diminution drastique du succès reproducteur en raison d’une carence en vitamine B3. Une autre étude démontre que des associations de cultures (blé-soja ou maïs-tournesol) sont favorables au hamster et devraient être mises en place en Alsace. En parallèle, j’ai développé un tube anti-prédation (TAP) pour améliorer les passages à faune et reconnecter les populations sauvages. Des tests comportementaux ont révélé que les hamsters présentent des comportements audacieux face au prédateur, mais utilisent tout de même le TAP comme refuge, validant sa fonction anti-prédation. Le TAP sera maintenant mis en place dans plusieurs passages à faune en Alsace. Les résultats de cette thèse vont maintenant bénéficier à la conservation du hamster en France et en Europe.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The European hamster (Cricetus cricetus), one of the most endangered mammal in Europe, is on the verge of extinction in France. However, we are still lacking information on the causes of its decline and on how to improve its conservation. During my PhD, I therefore investigated for the nutritional effects of crops on hamsters’ fitness. The main results highlight that elevated maize consumption is severely reducing hamsters’ reproduction because of a major deficiency in vitamin B3. Then, I found that crop associations such as wheat-soybean and maize-sunflower are favorable to the species and should be implemented in the Alsace. I also developed an anti-predation tube (APT) that will serve to upgrade wildlife underpasses and ultimately allow to reconnect wild populations. Moreover, behavioral tests presented in this thesis reveal that hamsters display bold behaviors when facing a predator. Nonetheless, they use the APT as a refuge in such cases, which validated its anti-predatory function. Therefore, the APT will now be implemented in wildlife underpasses in the Alsace. Results of this PhD will now benefit the conservation of the species in France and in Europe.</dcterms:abstract>
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