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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Coévolution dans le gène pol du VIH-1 : un carrefour aux frontières de nouvelles espèces du VIH</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Coevolution within HIV-1 pol gene : a crossroads at the borders of new HIV species</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">VIH</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Intégrase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Réseaux de coévolution</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fonctionnalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">HIV</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Integrase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Coevolution networks</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’intégrase (IN) est l’une des enzymes virales assurant la réplication du VIH. La fonctionnalité des protéines qui, comme celles du VIH, ont une variabilité de séquence repose sur des résidus non conservés, en plus des acides aminés conservés entre souches, qui ont un rôle important notamment lorsqu'ils font partie de réseaux de coévolution. Ces réseaux peuvent contrecarrer l'effet délétère d'une mutation par l'introduction de mutations compensatoires ailleurs dans la protéine. Ce travail a mis en évidence, par une étude comparative de différentes souches du VIH, des réseaux de coévolution étendus dans l'IN. Un résultat majeur est l'identification d'un nouveau motif assurant de multiples rôles dans le cycle infectieux. Le motif diffère entre les groupes M et O du VIH, mais est strictement conservé au sein de ces deux groupes en dépit d'une certaine flexibilité génétique en culture de cellules. Ceci suggère que ces groupes ont suivi des chemins évolutifs convergents bien que distincts.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Integrase (IN) is one of the viral enzymes ensuring HIV replication. The functionality of proteins, which, like those from HIV, have sequence variability, relies on nonconserved residues, in addition to the conserved amino acids between strains, which have an important role especially when they are part of coevolution networks. These networks can counteract the deleterious effect of a mutation by introducing compensatory mutations elsewhere in the protein. This work has demonstrated, through a comparative study of different strains of HIV, extensive coevolution networks in IN. A major result is the identification of a new motif that provides multiple roles in the infectious cycle. The pattern differs between HIV groups M and O, but is strictly conserved within these two groups despite some genetic flexibility in cell culture. This suggests that these groups followed convergent, although distinct, evolution pathways.</dcterms:abstract>
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