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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Réseau social, utilisation de l'espace et processus de prise de décision collective lors des déplacements de groupe chez le bison d'Europe (Bison bonasus) : implications pour la gestion en milieu sauvage</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Social network, space use and decision-making process during group movements in European bison (Bison bonasus : implications for Wildlife management</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bison bonasus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ongulé</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Relations sociales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Décisions collectives</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Patterns de mouvements</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Utilisation de l’habitat</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Leadership</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Gestion des troupeaux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Barrières virtuelles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Bison bonasus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ungulate</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Social relationships</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Collective decisions</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Movement patterns</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Habitat use</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Leadership</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="050557017" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Comportement social des animaux</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="032330480" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Prise de décision -- Chez les animaux</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La vie en collectivité confère de nombreux avantages, mais aussi des inconvénients avec lesquels l’animal doit s’accommoder. Afin de maintenir la cohésion sociale, les membres d’un groupe doivent donc faire des compromis et résoudre rapidement les conflits d’intérêts. Comprendre comment les individus arrivent à des décisions communes et optimales permet d’en savoir plus sur l’organisation sociale, les patterns de mouvements et l’utilisation de l’habitat de l’espèce. En retour, ces informations sont essentielles au développement de nouvelles stratégies de gestion. Dans ce contexte, je me suis intéressée à la vie de groupe et aux déplacements collectifs chez le bison d’Europe, espèce expérimentant son grand retour sur son continent d’origine. Mes travaux ont pu mettre en évidence que (1) les liens matrilinéaires étaient au cœur de la vie sociale de l’espèce, (2) le bison européen, contrairement à l’idée populaire, était loin d’être un animal strictement forestier et (3) les déplacements de groupe étaient préférentiellement menés par les femelles dominantes les plus âgées et ayant un veau à leur charge. La prise en compte de ces résultats pourrait grandement améliorer la réintroduction et la gestion des populations de bisons et permettre, par là même, une meilleure cohabitation avec l’Homme.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Community life gives many advantages, but also disadvantages with which animal must accommodate. In order to maintain social cohesion, group members must therefore make compromise and resolve quickly conflicts of interest. Understanding how individuals reach common and optimal decisions helps to learn more about the social organization, movement patterns and habitat use of the species. In return, this information is essential to the development of new management strategies. In this context, I was interested in group life and collective movements of the European bison, species which experiencing its great come back on its continent of origin. My works have shown that (1) matrilineal ties were at the core of the species’ social life, (2) the European bison, contrary to popular opinion, was far from a strictly forest animal and (3) group movements were preferentially lead by the oldest dominant females which had a calf. Taking into account these results could be greatly improve the reintroduction and management of bison populations and, thereby, allow a better cohabitation with humans.</dcterms:abstract>
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