<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><mets:mets xmlns:mets="http://www.loc.gov/METS/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:mads="http://www.loc.gov/mads/" xmlns:metsRights="http://cosimo.stanford.edu/sdr/metsrights/" xmlns:suj="http://www.theses.fr/namespace/sujets" xmlns:tef="http://www.abes.fr/abes/documents/tef" xmlns:tefextension="http://www.abes.fr/abes/documents/tefextension" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/METS/ http://www.abes.fr/abes/documents/tef/recommandation/tef_schemas.xsd">
<mets:metsHdr CREATEDATE="2017-10-02T09:24:05" ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.METS_HEADER" LASTMODDATE="2024-05-26T05:28:58Z" RECORDSTATUS="valide">
<mets:agent ROLE="CREATOR">
<mets:name/>
<mets:note>Note</mets:note>
</mets:agent>
<mets:agent ROLE="DISSEMINATOR">
<mets:name>ABES</mets:name>
</mets:agent>
<mets:altRecordID ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.METS_HEADER.ALTERNATE" TYPE=""/>
</mets:metsHdr>
<mets:dmdSec ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.DESCRIPTION_BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_desc_these">
<mets:xmlData>
<tef:thesisRecord>
<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Attitudes intolérantes et initiatives législatives contre les chrétiens à l'époque de Marc-Aurèle : entre histoire et propagande politique : un réexamen de la vexata quaestio</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Intolerant attitudes and legislative initiatives against Christians in the time of Marcus Aurelius : between history and political propaganda : a re-examination of the vexata quaestio</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Marc-Aurèle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Eusèbe de Césarée</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Justin le martyr</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Tertullien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Méliton de Sardes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Histoire ecclésiastique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Apologétique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">« Miracle de la pluie »</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nomen christianum</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Confessio nominis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Législation anti-chrétienne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Martyrium Lugdunensis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Kaina dogmata</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Marcus Aurelius</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Eusebius of Caesarea</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Justin martyr</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tertullian</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Melito of Sardis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ecclesiastical History</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Apologeticum</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">“The Rain miracle”</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nomen christianum</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Confessio nominis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Anti-Christians law</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Martyrium Lugdunensis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Kaina dogmata</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:DDC">272.1</dc:subject>
<tef:sujetRameau xml:lang="fr">
<tef:vedetteRameauPersonne>
<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027008614" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Marc Aurèle (121-180 ; empereur romain)</tef:elementdEntree>
</tef:vedetteRameauPersonne>
<tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027545997" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Persécutions -- 30-600 (Église primitive)</tef:elementdEntree>
</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
<tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027288153" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Christianisme -- 30-600 (Église primitive)</tef:elementdEntree>
</tef:vedetteRameauNomCommun>
</tef:sujetRameau>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le présent mémoire propose d’examiner, d’une façon approfondie et innovatrice, le rapport entre les chrétiens et Marc-Aurèle à travers une analyse complète des sources à disposition, notamment celles historico-littéraires, épigraphiques, numismatiques et législatives. En particulier, l’on démontrera l’absence de fondement de l’image faite a posteriori de Marc-Aurèle en tant que protector christianorum dont le premier témoin, d'après nos connaissances, est Tertullien. L’on montrera, par le biais d’une analyse législative des sources à notre disposition qu’à l’époque de Marc-Aurèle il n’y avait aucune loi qui protégeait les chrétiens. Bien au contraire, les dispositions de Trajan étaient toujours valides. Par la suite, nous chercherons à trouver les véritables raisons de la politique de Marc-Aurèle envers les chrétiens à travers la comparaison entre la pensée médio-platonicienne de Justin et celle stoïcienne du princeps. L’interprétation philosophique de l’attitude à montrer face à la mort, nous donnera une clef de lecture pour pénétrer les raisons les plus profondes des violences et des procès que les chrétiens ont subis au cours de son principat.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This work aims to provide an original and thorough exploration of the relationship between Marcus Aurelius and the Christians by means of an in-depth analysis of the available historical, literary, epigraphic, numismatic, and legal sources. Specifically, it will show that the a posteriori view of Marcus Aurelius as protector Christianorum, apparently introduced by Tertullian, is unfounded. In support of this argument, a legal analysis of the available sources will show that, far from enjoying legal protection during the Principality of Marcus Aurelius, Christians were still subject to Trajan’s laws. The true reasons underlying the policy of Marcus Aurelius towards the Christians will be investigated by comparing the Middle Platonism of Justin Martyr with the stoic meditations of the princeps. In particular, the philosophical interpretation of the attitude deemed suitable in the face of death will provide an insight into the reasons that led to the wave of violence and to the trials of Christians under Marcus Aurelius’ rule.</dcterms:abstract>
<dc:type>Electronic Thesis or Dissertation</dc:type>
<dc:type xsi:type="dcterms:DCMIType">Text</dc:type>
<dc:language xsi:type="dcterms:RFC3066">fr</dc:language>
</tef:thesisRecord>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:dmdSec>
<mets:dmdSec ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.DESCRIPTION.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_desc_edition">
<mets:xmlData>
<tef:edition>
<dcterms:medium xsi:type="dcterms:IMT">PDF</dcterms:medium>
<dcterms:extent>3463615</dcterms:extent>
<tef:editeur>
<tef:nom>Université de Strasbourg</tef:nom>
<tef:place>Strasbourg</tef:place>
</tef:editeur>
<dcterms:issued xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">2018-12-31</dcterms:issued>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://theses.hal.science/tel-02149349</dc:identifier>
</tef:edition>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:dmdSec>
<mets:dmdSec ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.DESCRIPTION.EDITION_1">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_desc_edition">
<mets:xmlData>
<tef:edition>
<dcterms:medium xsi:type="dcterms:IMT">application/pdf</dcterms:medium>
<dcterms:extent>3341305</dcterms:extent>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2017/PROVENZANO_MARCO_2017_ED270.pdf</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAK008/abes</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI"/>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://theses.hal.science/tel-02149349</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://theses.hal.science/tel-02149349</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">https://theses.hal.science/tel-02149349</dc:identifier>
</tef:edition>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:dmdSec>
<mets:amdSec>
<mets:techMD ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.ADMINISTRATION">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_admin_these">
<mets:xmlData>
<tef:thesisAdmin>
<tef:auteur>
<tef:nom>Provenzano</tef:nom>
<tef:prenom>Marco</tef:prenom>
<tef:dateNaissance>1985-10-16</tef:dateNaissance>
<tef:nationalite scheme="ISO-3166-1">FR</tef:nationalite>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">225335654</tef:autoriteExterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="CODE_ETUDIANT">21315073</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:auteur>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="tef:nationalThesisPID">https://theses.fr/2017STRAK008</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="tef:NNT">2017STRAK008</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier xsi:type="tef:DOI">https://doi.org/10.70675/7a1e01f9za2ccz4e9eza40dzf56f76319d00</dc:identifier>
<dcterms:dateAccepted xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">2017-09-23</dcterms:dateAccepted>
<tef:thesis.degree>
<tef:thesis.degree.discipline xml:lang="fr">Sciences religieuses</tef:thesis.degree.discipline>
<tef:thesis.degree.grantor>
<tef:nom>Strasbourg</tef:nom>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">131056549</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:thesis.degree.grantor>
<tef:thesis.degree.level>Doctorat</tef:thesis.degree.level>
<tef:thesis.degree.name xml:lang="fr">Docteur es</tef:thesis.degree.name>
</tef:thesis.degree>
<tef:theseSurTravaux>non</tef:theseSurTravaux>
<tef:avisJury>oui</tef:avisJury>
<tef:directeurThese>
<tef:nom>Cutino</tef:nom>
<tef:prenom>Michele</tef:prenom>
<tef:autoriteInterne>MADS_DIRECTEUR_DE_THESE_1</tef:autoriteInterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">077796306</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:directeurThese>
<tef:presidentJury>
<tef:nom>Chapot</tef:nom>
<tef:prenom>Frédéric</tef:prenom>
<tef:autoriteInterne>MADS_PRESIDENT_DU_JURY</tef:autoriteInterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">05053307X</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:presidentJury>
<tef:membreJury>
<tef:nom>D'Anna</tef:nom>
<tef:prenom>Alberto</tef:prenom>
<tef:autoriteInterne>MADS_MEMBRE_DU_JURY_1</tef:autoriteInterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">123634563</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:membreJury>
<tef:rapporteur>
<tef:nom>Benoist</tef:nom>
<tef:prenom>Stéphane</tef:prenom>
<tef:autoriteInterne>MADS_RAPPORTEUR_1</tef:autoriteInterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">035272058</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:rapporteur>
<tef:rapporteur>
<tef:nom>Salamito</tef:nom>
<tef:prenom>Jean-Marie</tef:prenom>
<tef:autoriteInterne>MADS_RAPPORTEUR_2</tef:autoriteInterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">068702515</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:rapporteur>
<tef:ecoleDoctorale>
<tef:nom>École doctorale de Théologie et Sciences Religieuses (Strasbourg ; 1997-....)</tef:nom>
<tef:autoriteInterne>MADS_ECOLE_DOCTORALE_1</tef:autoriteInterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Annuaire des formations doctorales et des unités de recherche">SR</tef:autoriteExterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">101516304</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:ecoleDoctorale>
<tef:partenaireRecherche type="laboratoire">
<tef:nom>Théologie catholique et sciences religieuses (Strasbourg)</tef:nom>
<tef:autoriteInterne>MADS_PARTENAIRE_DE_RECHERCHE_1</tef:autoriteInterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="Sudoc">157677230</tef:autoriteExterne>
<tef:autoriteExterne autoriteSource="labTEL">195680</tef:autoriteExterne>
</tef:partenaireRecherche>
<tef:oaiSetSpec>ddc:270</tef:oaiSetSpec>
<tef:MADSAuthority authorityID="MADS_DIRECTEUR_DE_THESE_1" type="personal">
<tef:personMADS>
<mads:namePart type="family">Cutino</mads:namePart>
<mads:namePart type="given">Michele</mads:namePart>
</tef:personMADS>
</tef:MADSAuthority>
<tef:MADSAuthority authorityID="MADS_PRESIDENT_DU_JURY" type="personal">
<tef:personMADS>
<mads:namePart type="family">Chapot</mads:namePart>
<mads:namePart type="given">Frédéric</mads:namePart>
</tef:personMADS>
</tef:MADSAuthority>
<tef:MADSAuthority authorityID="MADS_MEMBRE_DU_JURY_1" type="personal">
<tef:personMADS>
<mads:namePart type="family">D'Anna</mads:namePart>
<mads:namePart type="given">Alberto</mads:namePart>
</tef:personMADS>
</tef:MADSAuthority>
<tef:MADSAuthority authorityID="MADS_RAPPORTEUR_1" type="personal">
<tef:personMADS>
<mads:namePart type="family">Benoist</mads:namePart>
<mads:namePart type="given">Stéphane</mads:namePart>
</tef:personMADS>
</tef:MADSAuthority>
<tef:MADSAuthority authorityID="MADS_RAPPORTEUR_2" type="personal">
<tef:personMADS>
<mads:namePart type="family">Salamito</mads:namePart>
<mads:namePart type="given">Jean-Marie</mads:namePart>
</tef:personMADS>
</tef:MADSAuthority>
<tef:MADSAuthority authorityID="MADS_ECOLE_DOCTORALE_1" type="corporate">
<tef:personMADS>
<mads:namePart type="family">École doctorale Théologie et sciences religieuses (Strasbourg ; 1997-....)</mads:namePart>
</tef:personMADS>
</tef:MADSAuthority>
<tef:MADSAuthority authorityID="MADS_PARTENAIRE_DE_RECHERCHE_1" type="corporate">
<tef:personMADS>
<mads:namePart type="family">Théologie catholique et sciences religieuses (Strasbourg)</mads:namePart>
</tef:personMADS>
</tef:MADSAuthority>
</tef:thesisAdmin>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:techMD>
<mets:techMD ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE.TECH_FICHIER.DOSSIER_1.DOSSIER_1.FICHIER_1">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_tech_fichier">
<mets:xmlData>
<tef:meta_fichier>
<tef:formatFichier>PDF</tef:formatFichier>
<tef:taille>3463615</tef:taille>
</tef:meta_fichier>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:techMD>
<mets:rightsMD ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.DROITS_UNIVERSITE">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_droits_etablissement_these">
<mets:xmlData>
<metsRights:RightsDeclarationMD RIGHTSCATEGORY="CONTRACTUAL">
<metsRights:Context CONTEXTCLASS="GENERAL PUBLIC">
<metsRights:Permissions COPY="false" DELETE="false" DISPLAY="true" DUPLICATE="true" MODIFY="false" PRINT="true"/>
</metsRights:Context>
<metsRights:Context CONTEXTCLASS="INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATE">
<metsRights:Permissions COPY="false" DELETE="false" DISPLAY="true" DUPLICATE="true" MODIFY="false" PRINT="true"/>
</metsRights:Context>
</metsRights:RightsDeclarationMD>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:rightsMD>
<mets:rightsMD ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.DROITS_DOCTORANT">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_droits_auteur_these">
<mets:xmlData>
<metsRights:RightsDeclarationMD RIGHTSCATEGORY="CONTRACTUAL">
<metsRights:Context CONTEXTCLASS="GENERAL PUBLIC">
<metsRights:Permissions COPY="false" DELETE="false" DISPLAY="true" DUPLICATE="true" MODIFY="false" PRINT="true"/>
</metsRights:Context>
<metsRights:Context CONTEXTCLASS="INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATE">
<metsRights:Permissions COPY="false" DELETE="false" DISPLAY="true" DUPLICATE="true" MODIFY="false" PRINT="true"/>
</metsRights:Context>
</metsRights:RightsDeclarationMD>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:rightsMD>
<mets:rightsMD ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.DROITS">
<mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="tef_droits_version">
<mets:xmlData>
<metsRights:RightsDeclarationMD RIGHTSCATEGORY="CONTRACTUAL">
<metsRights:Context CONTEXTCLASS="GENERAL PUBLIC">
<metsRights:Permissions COPY="false" DELETE="false" DISPLAY="true" DUPLICATE="true" MODIFY="false" PRINT="true"/>
</metsRights:Context>
<metsRights:Context CONTEXTCLASS="INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATE">
<metsRights:Permissions COPY="false" DELETE="false" DISPLAY="true" DUPLICATE="true" MODIFY="false" PRINT="true"/>
</metsRights:Context>
</metsRights:RightsDeclarationMD>
</mets:xmlData>
</mets:mdWrap>
</mets:rightsMD>
</mets:amdSec>
<mets:fileSec>
<mets:fileGrp ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE.FILEGRP" USE="archive">
<mets:file ADMID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE.TECH_FICHIER.DOSSIER_1.DOSSIER_1.FICHIER_1" ID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE.DOSSIER_1.DOSSIER_1.FICHIER_1" SEQ="1">
<mets:FLocat LOCTYPE="URL" xlink:href="STRA/THESE_94502/document/0/0/PROVENZANO_MARCO_2017_ED270_A.pdf"/>
</mets:file>
</mets:fileGrp>
</mets:fileSec>
<mets:structMap TYPE="logical">
<mets:div ADMID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.ADMINISTRATION ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.DROITS_UNIVERSITE ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.DROITS_DOCTORANT" CONTENTIDS="CONTENTIDS.ABES.STAR.THESE_94502" DMDID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.DESCRIPTION_BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE" TYPE="THESE">
<mets:div ADMID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.DROITS" CONTENTIDS="CONTENTIDS.ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE" TYPE="VERSION_COMPLETE">
<mets:div CONTENTIDS="CONTENTIDS.ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE" DMDID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.DESCRIPTION.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE" TYPE="EDITION">
<mets:fptr FILEID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.EDITION_ARCHIVAGE.FILEGRP"/>
</mets:div>
<mets:div CONTENTIDS="CONTENTIDS.ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.EDITION_1" DMDID="ABES.STAR.THESE_94502.VERSION_COMPLETE.DESCRIPTION.EDITION_1" TYPE="EDITION"/>
</mets:div>
</mets:div>
</mets:structMap>
</mets:mets>