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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Propriété Intellectuelle et justice sociale : genèse, analyse et expérimentation</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit naturel</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Utilitarisme</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Intellectual property</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Social justice</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Natural right</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Utilitarianism</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La propriété intellectuelle peut être justifiée de deux façons opposées : selon la théorie utilitariste, la propriété intellectuelle est justifiée si, et seulement si, elle permet d’augmenter le bien-être de la société. A l’inverse, la justification déontologique de la propriété intellectuelle soutient que les individus ont un droit naturel sur le fruit de leur travail. Cette thèse propose de dépasser ce débat en opérant une réconciliation entre l’approche déontologique et utilitariste à la lumière de la dichotomie introduite par Rawls entre le libéralisme de la liberté et libéralisme du bonheur. La thèse examine dans quelle mesure la propriété intellectuelle peut être considérée un droit fondamental protégé par le libéralisme de la liberté tout en intégrant les objectifs du libéralisme du bonheur. Les résultats de la thèse montrent que cette réconciliation s’articule à travers la distinction entre les droits économiques et les droits moraux de la propriété intellectuelle. A la différence des droits moraux, la thèse montre que les droits économiques doivent être justifiés dans une perspective similaire, mais non identique, à la perspective utilitariste.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Intellectual property rights can be justified in two opposite ways: according to the utilitarian theory, the intellectual property is justified if, and only if, it increases the total well-being of the society. By contrast, the deontological justification of the intellectual property contends that individuals have a natural right over the output of their labor. This thesis aims to move beyond this debate in reconciling the deontological approach with the utilitarian approach in the light of a dichotomy introduced by Rawls between liberalism of freedom and liberalism of happiness. This thesis examine in what extent the intellectual property can be considered as a fundamental right protected by the liberalism of freedom while integrating the objectives of the liberalism of happiness. The results of the thesis show that the reconciliation is built mainly around a French legal-based distinction between the economics rights and the moral rights of the intellectual property. By contrast to moral rights, the thesis shows that these economic rights must be justified by a similar, but not identical, perspective to the one endorsed by utilitarianism.</dcterms:abstract>
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