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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux synthons et mousses biosourcés, à partir de sorbitol</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Synthesis and characterization of new building blocks and biobased foams from sorbitol</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sorbitol</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Molécules plateformes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polyols biosourcés</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mousses polyuréthanes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mousses polyisocyanurates</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Relations polyols-profils cinétiques de moussage</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Relations structures-propriétés</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sorbitol</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Platform molecules</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biobased polyols</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyurethane foams</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyisocyanurate foams</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polyols-foaming kinetic profiles relationships</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans un contexte de valorisation de molécules issues de la biomasse, de nouvelles architectures moléculaires et polyols ont été développé à partir du sorbitol et divers synthons biosourcés en se basant autant que possible sur les principes de la chimie verte. A partir de réactions d’estérifications contrôlées plusieurs polyols polyesters ont été synthétisés, en l’absence de solvant. Grace à l’utilisation de diols de différentes tailles (C2 à C12) comme monomères, la viscosité et la teneur en fonctions hydroxyles des polyols finaux ont pu être adaptée jusqu’à obtention de propriétés satisfaisantes à l’élaboration de mousses polyuréthanes. Ainsi, des mousses polyuréthanes semi-flexible et des mousses polyisocyanurate rigides ont pu être formulés avec des profils cinétiques de moussage rapide (inférieur à 3 min). Les mousses polyisocyanurates rigides présentent d’excellente propriétés mécaniques et thermiques pouvant pleinement satisfaire à la l’isolation thermique de bâtiment. D’autre part, une voie de transestérification entre le sorbitol et diméthyle carbonate a été étudié afin d’élaborer une nouvelle molécule plateforme bi-fonctionnelle : un bis-cyclocarbonate. A partir de cette molécule plateforme des réactions de polymérisation par ouverture de cycles et d’aminolyses ont été mise en place pour la synthèse de diols, polyéthers réticulés, et de polyuréthanes sans isocyanate (NIPU). Les synthèses de NIPU réalisées à partir de diamines courtes ou longues (issus de dimer d’acide gras) a permis d’étudier les relations existantes entre le choix des monomères et les températures de transitions vitreuses des matériaux polymères résultant.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In a context of renewable molecules valorization, new molecular architectures and polyols have been developed from sorbitol and various biobased building-blocks with respect to the green chemistry principles. Several polyesters polyol have been synthesized from controlled esterification reactions in bulk conditions. Thanks to the used of variable size diols (C2 to C12) monomers, polyols final viscosity and hydroxyls values were tuned until the obtaining of suitable properties for polyurethanes foams elaborations. Thus, semi-flexible polyurethane foams and rigid polyisocyanurate foams were formulated with fast foaming kinetic profiles (less than 3 min). Rigids polyisocyanurates foams exhibit excellent mechanical and thermal properties, in great agreement with building insulating application requirement. Otherwise, transesterifications reaction involving sorbitol and dimethyl carbonate were studied in order to develop a new bi-functional chemical platform, a bis-cyclocarbonate. Ring opening polymerization and aminolysis reactions were investigated from this chemical platform to the elaboration of cross-linked polyether and non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU). NIPU syntheses were performed with short and long diamines in order to study the relationships between monomers choice and the resulting polymer material temperature of glass transition.</dcterms:abstract>
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