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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Amélioration des explosifs par ajustement de leur balance en oxygène lors de la cristalisation par Evaporation Flash de Spray</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Explosives enhancement by oxygen balance tuning throughout spray flash evaporation crystallization process</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dinitroamidure d’Ammonium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Evaporation Flash de Spray</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cristallisation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ammonium Dinitramide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Spray Flash Evaporation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans la littérature, que ce soit pour un explosif secondaire ou un matériau composite, une balance en oxygène (BO) proche de 0% est assimilée à de bonnes performances énergétiques (vitesse de détonation, chaleur de décomposition, etc…). L’objectif majeur de cette thèse est d’améliorer les performances énergétiques d’explosifs secondaires courants (RDX, HMX, CL-20) par l’ajout d’un oxydant (DNA) afin d’obtenir un matériau composite avec une BO de -1%. Le mélange intime de ces deux composés est permis par un procédé d’évaporation flash de spray, utilisé habituellement pour réduire la taille de particules des explosifs. Les matériaux composites ont été cristallisés dans les trois cas avec succès, avec la présence d’explosif submicrométrique et de DNA nanostructuré. Un tel résultat a été permis grâce à une meilleure compréhension du procédé, et en conséquence l’ajustement des conditions expérimentales. L’étude de la réactivité de ces matériaux composites montre dans certains cas une désensibilisation, une diminution de la distance de la déflagration à la détonation, ou encore une augmentation de la vitesse de détonation, comparée aux explosifs correspondants.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In literature, for secondary explosive or composite material, an oxygen balance (OB) close to 0% is often linked to good energetic performances (detonation velocity, heat of decomposition, etc.). The main objective of this thesis is to enhance energetic performances of current secondary explosives (RDX, HMX, CL-20) by adding oxidizer (ADN) to obtain a composite material with an OB of -1%. The spray flash evaporation process, usually used for particle size reduction of explosives, enables to obtain an intimate mixture of these two compounds. Composite materials were successfully crystallized in three cases, resulting of submicrometric explosives and nanostructured ADN particles. These results were obtained thanks to a preliminary study for better process understanding and the optimization of experimental conditions. Reactivity studies show some desensitization, shorter distance from deflagration to detonation, and/or higher detonation velocity, compared to corresponding explosives.</dcterms:abstract>
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