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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Développement d’une méthode de déconvolution pharmacophorique pour la découverte accélérée d’antipaludiques chez les Rhodophytes</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Development of a pharmacophoric deconvolution method to accelerate the antimalarial discovery from Rhodophyta</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Paludisme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Déconvolution</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Analyse différentielle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">RMN</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Déréplication</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mélange complexe</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Algue rouge</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Malaria</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Deconvolution</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Differential analysis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">NMR</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Dereplication</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Red algae</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027675009" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Résonance magnétique nucléaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="033535671" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Produits de la mer -- Métabolites</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’apparition de P. falciparum résistants aux CTAs est un problème majeur en Asie du Sud-Est. Il est nécessaire de rechercher des molécules présentant des mécanismes d’actions nouveaux. Une cible d’intérêt est l’apicoplaste, un organite de Plasmodium issu d’une endosymbiose avec une algue rouge. Les algues rouges pourraient présenter une source privilégiée de nouvelles molécules antipaludiques ciblant notamment les voies de biosynthèse apicoplastique. Cette thèse porte sur l’identification de ces métabolites secondaires bioactifs via le développement d’une nouvelle stratégie analytique. Un programme informatique nommé Plasmodesma a été créé et permet l’analyse différentielle de manière automatique de spectres RMN 2D 1H-1H et 1H-13C. Les molécules actives peuvent ensuite être isolées et identifiées par HPLC-SPE-RMN. L’activité antipaludique mise en évidence dans les algues rouges étudiées serait due à la présence de molécules de classes chimiques différentes dont des stérols.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Malaria is responsible for 445 000 deaths in 2016. The emergence and the spread of resistant P. falciparum to artemisinin-based combinations is a major health problem in South-East Asia. Research must continue to find compounds with a novel mechanism of action. The apicoplast is an interesting target. It is a Plasmodium organelle derived from a secondary endosymbiosis with a red alga. Red algae could be a special source of new antiplasmodial compounds targeting the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway in the apicoplast. This thesis focuses on bioactive secondary metabolites identification via a new analytical strategy. A computer program called Plasmodesma was created and achieves an automatic differential analysis of 1H-1H and 1H-13C 2D NMR spectra. Bioactive compounds are isolated and identified by hyphenated HPLC-SPE-NMR. The presence of different classes of compounds including sterols could explain the antiplasmodial activity in studied the red algae species.</dcterms:abstract>
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