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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Conception et synthèse d’iminosucres multivalents bioactifs à motif glycoimidazole : développement d’une méthode de déshydroxylation sélective</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Conception and synthesis of bioactive multivalent iminosugars with glycoimidazole motif : development of a selective dehydroxylation method</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Multivalence</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Inhibiteurs de glycosidase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Α-mannosidase de Jack-bean</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ligand affin</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Multivalency</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Glycoimidazole</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Glycosidase inhibition</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Selective dehydroxylation</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La multivalence est reconnue en tant qu’outil permettant d’augmenter le pouvoir d’inhibition d’un inhibiteur. La mise en évidence, en 2010, d’un effet multivalent puissant sur l’inhibition des glycosidases par un iminosucre multivalent a ouvert la voie vers la synthèse de clusters toujours plus puissants. En 2016, un composé multivalent a permis d’atteindre une inhibition 173000 fois meilleure que le composé monovalent correspondant, ce qui équivaut à une augmentation record du pouvoir d’inhibition par iminosucre de 4800. La synthèse d’une nouvelle génération d’iminosucres multivalents à ligand affin pour sa cible, pour parvenir à augmenter encore l’effet multivalent, était mon objectif de thèse. Au cours de ce travail, de nouveaux iminosucres multivalents à motif gluco- ou mannoimidazole, très affin des mannosidases, ont été synthétisés. Ces composés multivalents ont permis de travailler sur deux projets parallèles : un projet fondamental et un projet appliqué. Le premier a consisté en l’étude de l’influence de l’affinité du ligand sur l’effet multivalent par mesure du pouvoir d’inhibition sur l’enzyme commerciale répondant le mieux à l’effet multivalent, l’α-mannosidase de Jack-bean. Les résultats montrent l’existence d’un effet multivalent notable mais sa valeur n’est pas aussi importante comparée aux études précédentes. Les iminosucres multivalents pouvant également cibler les glycosidases d’intérêt thérapeutique, nous nous sommes intéressés, dans le cadre du projet appliqué, au traitement de la mucoviscidose. L’idée était de viser les mannosidases I et II du réticulum endoplasmique pour permettre de secourir la protéine CFTR déficiente impliquée dans cette maladie. Malheureusement, aucun effet correcteur ni potentiateur n’a pu être observé pour nos composés. En marge de ces axes principaux, une méthode de déshydroxylation sélective a été optimisée et développée en élargissant son champ d’application et en apportant des preuves mécanistiques.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Multivalency is known to be a tool to drive inhibitors more potent. The multivalent effect, evidenced in 2010 with multivalent iminosugar on glycosidase inhibition, paved the way to the synthesis of multimeric inhibitors even more powerful. In 2016, an iminosugar cluster was reported to be 173 000 times more potent inhibitor compared to the monovalent reference. This is equal to an inhibitory potency enhancement of 4800 per iminosugar. The goal of my PhD was the synthesis of a new generation of multivalent iminosugars very potent towards their target, to keep increasing multivalent effect. New multivalent iminosugars with glycoimidazole motifs, with high affinity towards mannosidases, were synthetised. Those multivalent compounds allowed us to work on two parallel projects: a fundamental and an applied one. The first one focused on the influence of ligand affinity on multivalent effect by measuring the inhibition potency on the most sensitive to multivalent effect commercially available enzyme: the Jack-bean α-mannosidase. Results showed that multivalent effect was maintained but at a lower level than those reported previously. Multivalent iminosugars being also able to target glycosidases of therapeutic interest, we were interested in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Targeting endoplasmic reticulum mannosidases I and II could restore the CFTR protein whose deficiency is the root cause of the disease. Unfortunately, no corrective or potentiation effect were observed. Aside those principal lines, a selective dehydroxylation method was optimized and developed widening the scope and providing mechanistic proofs.</dcterms:abstract>
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