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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'utilisation des couleurs au Proche-Orient néolithique et chalcolitique (env. 12000 - 3000 av. J.-C.)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The use of colors in the Neolithic and Chacolithic Near East (ca. 12 000 – 3000 cal. BC)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Couleur</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Décor architectural</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lumière</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Peinture</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pigment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pratiques funéraires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polychromie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Proche-Orient ancien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Color</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Architectural decoration</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Light</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Painting</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pigment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Funerary practices</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Polychromy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ancient Near East</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="134453522" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Archéologie funéraire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027487814" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Antiquités préhistoriques</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ce travail explore l’utilisation des couleurs à la fin de la préhistoire au Proche-Orient, incluant le Levant Nord et Sud, les Hautes vallées et la Mésopotamie, de la fin de l’Epipaléolithique à la fin du Chalcolithique (env. 12000-3000 av. J. C.). Cette longue période témoigne d’innovations techniques et d’évolutions sociales inédites : sédentarisation, développement de l’agriculture et de l’élevage, invention de la céramique et urbanisation. Notre objectif a été d’explorer la manière dont ces différentes cultures ont mis en œuvre les couleurs en contexte architectural et funéraire. Quels sont les rapports que ces sociétés entretiennent avec les matériaux colorés et les matières colorantes, locaux ou importés ? Quels sont les changements observés dans l’utilisation des couleurs ? Qu’expriment ces changements ? Peut-on les mettre en relation, et de quelle manière, avec les évolutions technologiques et sociales propres à chaque période et culture ? Est-il possible de reconnaitre des systèmes et des dynamiques à différentes échelles — site, région, culture – et sur le temps long ? L’approche diachronique et la mise en perspective des résultats sur plusieurs millénaires montrent une utilisation dynamique des couleurs, variant selon les périodes et les aires géographiques, et apportent un nouvel éclairage à la compréhension des sociétés de la fin de la préhistoire en Orient.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This study focuses on the use of colors during the last stages of prehistory in the Near East, encompassing the Northern and Southern Levant, the Upper Tigris and Euphrates valleys and Mesopotamia, from the end of the Epipalaeolithic to the end of the Chalcolithic (ca. 12000-3000 cal. BC).This long period witnessed technical innovations and unprecedented social evolutions : sedentarization, development of agriculture and herding, invention of pottery and urbanization. Our aim was to explore how these different cultures have implemented colors in their architecture and their burials. What are these societies’ relationships to colored materials, local or imported ? How the use of colours changes ? What does it tell us about these societies ? Can we -and how- correlate them with technical and social developments specific to each culture ? Is it possible to recognize systems and dynamics at different scales – site, region, culture – and over the long term ? Data have been synthetized according a diachronic approach and put into perspective over several millennia. They show a dynamic use of colors, varying according to periods and geographical areas, and bring a new light to the understanding of these societies at the end of prehistory in the Near East.</dcterms:abstract>
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