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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Rôle des phases minérales des sols en tant que réservoirs de nutriments : approche expérimentale (abiotique), en milieu naturel et multi-isotopique (isotopes stables Ca-Sr)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Role of soils minerals phases as nutrients reservoirs : experimental (abiotic), in natural environments and multi-isotopic approachs (Ca-Sr stable isotopes)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Isotopes du calcium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Isotopes du strontium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Minéraux phyllosilicatés</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Adsorption/désorption</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fractionnement isotopique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rhizolithes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Oxy-hydroxydes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Calcium isotopes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Strontium isotopes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Phyllosilicate minerals</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Adsorption/desorption</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Isotopic fractionation</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="034224513" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Sols -- Composition chimique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="028116216" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Sols -- Teneur en calcium</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ce travail de thèse a appréhendé les mécanismes de stockage/libération, d’un point de vue élémentaire et isotopique, du calcium (Ca) et du strontium (Sr) sur ou dans des phases minérales communes des sols (minéraux primaires, minéraux argileux, oxy-hydroxydes, carbonate pédogénétiques). Une méthode de mesure robuste du δ88Sr a dû être développée et validée par la mesure de matériaux de références internationaux, pour la plupart jamais mesuré dans la littérature. Les résultats montrent que l’adsorption du Ca sur des minéraux phyllosilicatés génère un fractionnement isotopique par prélèvement préférentiel de l’isotope léger (40Ca) dans nos conditions expérimentales lorsque les minéraux possèdent une charge structurale et une surface spécifique importante et/ou un espace interfoliaire ouvert à l’adsorption de cations hydratés. Une étude sur des rhizolithes en milieu naturel a mis en avant que l’utilisation des isotopes du Ca et du Sr permet un traçage de source et de mécanismes efficaces dans les thématiques touchant au stockage de ces deux éléments dans les sols.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This PhD thesis examined the mechanisms of storage and release, from and elementary and isotopically point of view, of calcium (Ca) and strontium (Sr) onto or into mineral phases commonly encountered within soils (primary minerals, clay minerals, oxy-hydroxides, pedogenic carbonate). A robust δ88Sr measurements method had to be developed in the laboratory and validated by the measurement of international reference materials, mostly never measured in the literature. The results of this work show that Ca adsorption onto phyllosilicate minerals generates a quantifiable isotopic fractionation by preferential uptake of the light isotope (40Ca) under our experimental conditions when the minerals have a significant structural charge and specific surface area and/or an interlayer space open to hydrated cations adsorption. A study on rhizoliths in natural environment has also highlighted that the combination of Ca and Sr isotopes allows an effective tracing of sources and mechanisms in the problematic related to the storage of these two elements within soils.</dcterms:abstract>
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