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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Détection des protéases microbiennes par la voie immunitaire Toll chez Drosophila melanogaster</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Detection of microbial proteases by the Toll pathway during innate immune responses in Drosophila melanogaster</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Immunité innée</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Drosophile</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Perséphone</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protéases à serine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protéases à cystéine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Signaux de danger</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Protéases exogènes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cathepsine 26-29-p.</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Innate immunity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Drosophila</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Persephone</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Serine proteases</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cysteine proteases</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Danger signals</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Exogenous proteases</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cathepsin 26-29-p.</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Chez la drosophile, l’activation du récepteur Toll menant à une réponse antimicrobienne peut se faire par deux voies différentes. Ces deux voies sont activées soit par des récepteurs dédiés, les Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) reconnaissant des motifs moléculaires microbiens, soit par la coupure d’une molécule circulante appelée Perséphone par des protéases microbiennes extrêmement diverses sécrétées pendant une infection. Cependant, le mécanisme par lequel Perséphone est activée demeurait ambigu. Nous avons identifié une région unique dans Perséphone fonctionnant comme un appât pour les protéases exogènes indépendamment de leur origine, type ou spécificité. Une coupure dans cette région constitue la première étape d’une activation séquentielle de Perséphone ; elle permet de recruter la cathepsine circulante 26-29-p, qui va générer la forme active de Perséphone.Ces travaux montrent comment un récepteur de l’immunité innée, Perséphone, peut être activé par un signal de danger, en l’occurrence des enzymes microbiennes, et non par la détection de motifs moléculaires qui peuvent être présents dans la flore microbienne hébergée par les animaux.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In Drosophila, the antimicrobial response against infections can be triggered by two different extracellular mechanisms that both lead to the activation of the Toll receptor. These two mechanisms are activated either by the recognition of specific microbial determinants by Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), or by the cleavage of the circulating serine protease Persephone by a wide range of microbial proteases secreted during infections. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Persephone activation remained ambiguous. We identified a unique region in Persephone pro-domain that functions as a bait for exogenous proteases independently of their origin, type or specificity. Cleavage of Persephone in this bait region constitutes the first step of a sequential activation and licenses the subsequent maturation of Persephone to the endogenous circulating cysteine cathepsin 26-29-p. Our data establish Persephone itself as an immune receptor able to sense a broad spectrum of microbes through the recognition of danger signals rather than molecular patterns.</dcterms:abstract>
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