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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Développement par génie tissulaire d’un modèle de peau humaine innervée, vascularisée et immunocompétente pour l’étude des réactions inflammatoires cutanées</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Development of an immunocompetent, innervated and vascularized human tissue-engineered skin model for the study of cutaneous neuro-immune interactions</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cellules dendritiques cutanées</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Neurones sensoriels de la peau</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Peau</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Biotechnologies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cellules souches pluripotentes induites</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sensibilisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Skin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tissue engineering</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biotechnology</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Induced pluripotent stem cells</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Dendritic cells</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sensory neurons</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sensitization</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="083198067" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Génie tissulaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les réactions immunitaires de la peau sont initiées par les cellules dendritiques cutanées (dendritic cells, DCs). L'effet potentiellement sensibilisateur d'un composé peut être prédit in vitro en utilisant des monocytes humains différenciés en DCs (MonoDCs). Cependant, ces modèles simplistes restent imprécis car l'activation des DCs cutanés par les sensibilisateurs peut être déclenchée ou modulée par des interactions microenvironnementales avec de multiples types de cellules non immunitaires. Notre objectif est de développer une peau immunocompétente qui combinera des MonoDCs avec tous les éléments structurels et fonctionnels de la peau, c'est-à-dire une barrière épidermique posée sur un derme contenant une pseudo-vascularisation et des neurones nociceptifs. Une matrice de collagène a été ensemencée avec des fibroblastes et des cellules endothéliales, puis avec des précurseurs de fibres nerveuses dérivées soit de l'iPSC humaine, soit de la DRG embryonnaire murins. Enfin, nous avons introduit les MonoDC et les kératinocytes. Nous avons observé que les neurones différenciés in situ innervent l'épiderme comme observé habituellement dans la peau humaine normale. De plus, les neurones dérivées d’iPSCs, expriment neuropeptides et canaux calcique spécifiques des fibres nociceptives. Enfin, les Mono-DC intégrés au modèle restent stable pendant toute la durée nécessaire à la formation de l’épiderme et peuvent être stimulé. Le modèle sera utilisé pour prédire le potentiel irritant des composés chimiques et l'impact de l’innervation nociceptive sur l'activation des DCs.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Immune reactions in the skin are initiated by the cutaneous dendritic cells (DCs). The potential sensitizing effect of a compound can be predicted in vitro using human monocytes differentiated into DCs (Mono-DCs). However, these simplistic models remain inaccurate because the activation of cutaneous DCs by sensitizers may be triggered or modulated by microenvironmental interactions with multiple types of non-immune cells. Our goal is to develop an immunocompetent human tissue-engineered skin that will combine DCs with all structural and functional element of the skin, i.e. an epidermal barrier laid upon a dermis containing a pseudo-vascularization and nociceptive neurons. Collagen matrix was seeded with fibroblasts and endothelial cells, then with precursors of nerve fibers derived from either human iPSC or murine embryonic DRG. Finally, we introduced Mono-DCs and keratinocytes. We observed that in situ differentiated neurons grow axons towards the epidermis as usually observed in normal human skin. What's more, the neurons derive from iPSC, express neuropeptides and calcium channel as normal nociceptive fibers. Moreover, Mono-DCs settled as expected beneath the epidermis and remained sessile to stimulation for several weeks. The model will be used to predict the irritant potential of chemical compounds, and the impact of nerves on DC activation.</dcterms:abstract>
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