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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Regulation of transcription : structural studies of an RNA polymerase elongation complex bound to transcription factor NusA</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Régulation de la transcription : études structurales du complexe d’élongation de l'ARN polymérase lié au facteur de transcription NusA</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Transcription</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Structure de l'ARN polymérase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pause transcriptionnelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">NusA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cryo-EM</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Transcription</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">RNA Polymerase structure</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Transcriptional pausing</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">NusA</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="031445624" autoriteSource="Sudoc">ARN polymérases</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="032291604" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Élongation (biologie moléculaire)</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="030929547" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Régulation génétique</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="073292621" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Facteurs d'élongation transcriptionnelle</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La pause transcriptionnelle marquée par les ARN polymérases (RNAP) est un mécanisme clé pour réguler l'expression des gènes dans tous les règnes de la vie et est une condition préalable à la terminaison de la transcription. Le facteur de transcription bactérien essentiel NusA stimule à la fois la pause et la terminaison de la transcription, jouant ainsi un rôle central. Ici, je présente des reconstructions par cryo-microscopie électronique (cryo-EM) à une seule particule de NusA lié à des complexes d'élongation en présence et en absence d’ARN en épingle à cheveux dans le canal de sortie de l'ARN. Les structures révèlent quatre interactions entre NusA et RNAP qui suggèrent comment NusA stimule le repliement de l’ARN, la pause et la terminaison de la transcription. Un intermédiaire de translocation asymétrique de l'ARN et de l'ADN convertit le site actif de l'enzyme en un état inactif, fournissant une explication structurelle pour l'inhibition de la catalyse. La comparaison de RNAP à différentes étapes de la mise en pause donne un aperçu de la nature dynamique du processus et du rôle de NusA en tant que facteur de régulation.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Transcriptional pausing by RNA polymerases (RNAPs) is a key mechanism to regulate gene expression in all kingdoms of life and is a prerequisite for transcription termination. The essential bacterial transcription factor NusA stimulates both pausing and termination of transcription, thus playing a central role. Here, I present single-particle electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) reconstructions of NusA bound to paused elongation complexes with and without a pause-enhancing hairpin in the RNA exit channel. The structures reveal four interactions between NusA and RNAP that suggest how NusA stimulates RNA folding, pausing, and termination. An asymmetric translocation intermediate of RNA and DNA converts the active site of the enzyme into an inactive state, providing a structural explanation for the inhibition of catalysis. Comparing RNAP at different stages of pausing provides insights on the dynamic nature of the process and the role of NusA as a regulatory factor.</dcterms:abstract>
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