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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation de l'ArgRS mitochondriale humaine et contribution à la compréhension des pathologies liées aux mutations des aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases mitochondriales</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Characterization of the human mitochondrial Arginyl-tRNA synthetase and contribution to the général understanding of pathologies linked to mutations on mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Traduction mitochondriale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mitochondrial aminoacyl-ARNt synthétase</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Aminoacylation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Organisation sous mitochondriale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pathologies liées aux mutations</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitochondrial translation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mt aaRSs</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Aminoacylation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Sub-mitochondrial localization</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="175230692" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Hypoplasie pontocérébelleuse</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="040660400" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Amino acyl-tRNA synthetases</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases mitochondriales humaines (aaRS mt) sont des enzymes clés de la traduction mitochondriale. Elles catalysent l'aminoacylation des ARNt par les acides aminés correspondent. Des mutations dans leurs gènes sont corrélées à des pathologies avec un large spectre de phénotypes cliniques, mais aux mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents encore incompris. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse s'intègre dans les axes scientifiques du laboratoire, mais élargit l'intérêt et les connaissance à un système encore peu exploré: l'arginyl-ARNt synthétase mitochondriale (ArgRS mt). Des mutations dans la ArgRS sont liées à une hypoplasie Pontocérébelleuse (PCH6), une pathologie neurodéveloppementale sévère. Le travail de cette thèse s’articule autour de 3 axes : (I) L’analyse des phénotypes cliniques des pathologies liées aux mutations dans les aaRS mt, (II) La caractérisation des propriétéscellulaires de l’ArgRS mt, et (III) L'étude de l’impact de mutations « pathologiques » sur diverses propriétés de l’ArgRS mt. Combinés avec les travaux précédents, les résultats obtenus sont une contribution importante à l'élargissement des connaissances fondamentales des mt aaRSs, et apportent un nouvel éclairage sur le lien entre les mt-aaRSs-mutations et la maladie.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mt-aaRSs) are housekeeping enzymes involved in the mitochondrial translation. They catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. Mutations in their nuclear genes are correlated with pathologies with a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes, but with so far no clear explanations about the underlying molecular mechanism(s). The aim of this PhD work follows the long-standing efforts of the host laboratory but expand the interest and knowledge to an unexplored system: the human mitochondrial arginyl-tRNA synthetase (mt-ArgRS). Mutations in the mt-ArgRS lead to Pontocebellar hypoplasia type 6, a severe neuro-developmental pathology. I thus contributed to i) comprehensively analyze the clinical data reported in pathologies related to mutations on mt-aaRSs, resulting in a categorization according to the affected anatomical system; ii) decipher some cellular properties of the mt-ArgRS; and iii) investigate to impact of disease-associated mutations on mt-aaRSs properties. Combined with previous works, the present results expand the knowledge of the mt-aaRSs, shedding new light on the link between mt-aaRSs-mutations and disease.</dcterms:abstract>
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