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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Reward effects of light</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Effets récompensants de la lumière</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Récompense</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lumière</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rythme circadien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dépression saisonnière</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Arvicanthis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dopamine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Rongeur diurne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Reward</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Light</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mood</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Circadian rhythms</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Seasonal depression</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Pour élucider les effets récompensants de la lumière, deux approches expérimentales ont été adoptées. Une étude chez le rongeur diurne Arvicanthis ansorgei indique que le raccourcissement de la longueur du jour avec la diminution de l'intensité lumineuse induit des changements du rythme de l’activité locomotrice, de la quantité de dopamine dans le système de la récompense et sur l'expression du gène Per2 dans le noyau suprachiasmatique. Ces altérations ont été améliorées par l'exposition journalière à des créneaux d’une heure de lumière à la fin du jour. Dans une étude humaine, le bien-être subjectif mesuré par d'échantillonnage de ressentis, a été corrélée avec des mesures de fluctuations lumineuses environnementales chez des participants en bonne santé et des insomniaques. Les résultats ont montré que le bien-être subjectif augmente proportionnellement à l'intensité de la lumière chez de jeunes en bonne santé contrairement à un déficit global en matière d'évaluation hédonique chez les insomniaques. De plus amples études devraient être menées afin d'élucider l'effet des signaux lumineux environnementaux sur les circuits de récompense.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">To elucidate the reward effects of light, two experimental approaches have been adopted. An experiment for the study of the effects of exposure to a winter-like photoperiod on the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis ansorgei indicated that shortened day length with reduced light intensity induces a phase change in locomotor activity, alterations in the dopamine content in reward system structures, and alterations in the Per2 clock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. These measures were improved by daily exposure to a one-hour pulse of light at late in the day. In a human model, subjective wellbeing, measured by experience sampling, was correlated with ambient luminosity measurements in participants with insomnia and healthy controls. Results indicated that subjective wellbeing increases with increasing light intensity in healthy young volunteers, in contrast to an overall deficit in reward evaluation in insomniacs. Light exposure should be taken into account as an important factor in determining the quality of life of insomniacs and in depression. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the effect of ambient light signals on reward circuits.</dcterms:abstract>
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