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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Le piratage de l'appareil de traduction de la cellule hôte par le virus de la paralysie du criquet (CrPV)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">The host cell translationnal machinery hijacking by the Cricket Paralysis Virus (CrPV)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">CrPV</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">EIF</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Initiation de la traduction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">IRES viraux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ribosome</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CrPV</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Translation initiation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Viral IRES</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le Virus de la Paralysie du Cricket (CrPV) est un virus à ARN qui utilise des « sites d’entrée interne du ribosome » (IRES) pour détourner la machinerie traductionnelle de son hôte et synthétiser ses protéines virales. La traduction de ses deux phases codantes (ORF) est contrôlée par deux IRES différents : l’IRES de la région intergénique (IGR), qui régit la traduction de l’ORF2 et qui a été largement étudié ; et l’IRES de la région 5’UTR du génome viral (IRES5’UTR), qui guide la traduction de l’ORF1 et qui était très mal connu. Nous avons démontré que cet IRES5’UTR appartient à la classe III des IRES. Il recrute spécifiquement et directement le facteur d’initiation eIF3. Son mode d’action s’affranchit de l’étape de ‘scanning’ pour reconnaitre le codon AUG. L’IRES5’UTR comprend deux domaines structuraux qui ont des fonctions distinctes mais qui agissent en synergie pour recruter eIF3 et le ribosome et permettre de guider la progression de l’initiation de la traduction de l’ORF1. En outre, les deux IRES du CrPV utilisent des modes d’action différents, ils sont actifs à des moments différents du processus infectieux. La reconstitution in vitro des complexes d’initiation de la traduction formés sur les deux IRES en cours d’infection a permis d’identifier les protéines spécifiques de chaque IRES lors du cycle viral. À présent nous allons valider l’implication de ces protéines dans la traduction guidée par ces deux IRES. Cette étude ouvre la voie vers la compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires d’action et de régulation des traductions « IRES-dépendantes » des ARN viraux et cellulaires.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The Cricket Paralysis Virus (CrPV) is an RNA virus that uses ‘internal ribosome entry sites’ (IRES) to hijack the host translation machinery and synthesize its own viral proteins. The translation of its two open reading frames (ORF) is controlled by two different IRES : First, the IRES located in the Intergenic Region (IGR), which governs translation of ORF2 and has been extensively studied. Second, the IRES located the 5'UTR region from viral genome (IRES5'UTR), which guides the translation of ORF1 and which was very poorly known. During my PhD, we demonstrated that this IRES5'UTR belongs to the class III of the IRES. It specifically and directly recruits the eIF3 initiation factor. Its mode of action is free from the 'scanning' step to recognize the AUG codon. The IRES5'UTR contains two structural domains that have distinct functions, but act in synergy to recruit eIF3 and the ribosome in order to guide ORF1 translation initiation. In addition, both CrPV IRES use different modes of action, they are active at different times in the infectious process. The in vitro reconstitution of translation initiation complexes formed on both IRES during infection allowed us to identify proteins that are specific of each IRES during the viral cycle. Now we will validate the implication of these proteins in the translation guided by both IRES.</dcterms:abstract>
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