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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation des microvésicules comme biomarqueurs de suivi de la greffe d'îlots pancréatiques et de l'efficacité thérapeutique dans l'athérosclérose en pathologies humaines</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Characterization of microvesicles as biomarkers to monitor pancreatic islets graft dysfunction and therapeutic efficacy in atherosclerosis on human pathologies</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dysfonction vasculaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Sénescence</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Vascular and graft dysfunction</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les Microvésicules (MVs) sont des marqueurs circulants de l’activation cellulaire au cours de la dysfonction du greffon et l’athérothrombose. Les MVs de la cellule bêta ou intratissulaires vasculaires, sont peu connues. Le suivi longitudinal de 19 patients transplantés d’îlots pancréatiques par les MV- PSA-NCAM+ sanguines témoigne d’une altération précoce du greffon avant l’identification des marqueurs clinique et biologique de la perte du greffon. La cinétique de libération des MVs leucocytaires, endothéliales et hépatiques suggère leur intérêt pour l’identification de la cause de la perte du greffon et pour la surveillance de l'immunosuppression. Après validation d’une méthode d’extraction douce des MVs tissulaires sur des plaques d’athérome, nous avons mesuré l’accumulation de MVs pro-sénescentes dans l’aorte de rats âgés, qui étaient réduite par l’ingestion d’EPA : DHA (6 :1), avec une baisse des propriétés pro-sénescentes identifiée sur les cellules endothéliales d’artères coronaires en culture. Le contrôle des MV nocives par cytoprotecteur du vaisseau réduirait la sénescence endothéliale.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Microvesicles (MVs) are circulating markers that reflect cellular activation during graft dysfunction and atherothrombosis. Data on graft tissue MVs or vessel are scarce. The longitudinal follow-up of 19 patients with pancreatic islets transplants showed that circulating MV-PSA-NCAM+ typifying the early graft loss of islet graft prior its detection using the clinical and biological markers of graft loss. In addition, the kinetics release of leukocyte, endothelial and hepatic MV suggest their interest in identifying the cause of graft loss and in monitoring of immunosuppression. Using a new tissular MV mild extraction process validated with arteriosclerotic plaques, we evidenced an accumulation of pro-senescent MVs in the aorta of old rats that was significantly reduced by EPA: DHA (6 :1) intake as well as their pro-senescent properties on coronary artery endothelial cell cultures. Altogether, the pharmacological control of the release of noxious MVs using vessel cytoprotectors would limit the consequences of endothelial senescence.</dcterms:abstract>
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