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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">L'ingénierie sociale : la prise en compte du facteur humain dans la cybercriminalité</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ingénierie sociale</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Information</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Manipulation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Intelligence économique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cybercriminalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Criminalité organisée</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Politique criminelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cybersécurité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Social engineering</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Human factor</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Psychological manipulation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Economic intelligence</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cybercrime</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Organized crime</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La révolution numérique a favorisé l’apparition d’une nouvelle forme de criminalité : la cybercriminalité. Celle-ci recouvre un grand nombre de faits dont la plupart sont commis à l’aide de stratégies d’ingénierie sociale. Il s’agit d’un vieux phénomène, pourtant mal connu qui, encouragé par l’accroissement de données circulant sur Internet et par le développement de barrières techniques de sécurité, s’est adapté aux caractéristiques de l’univers virtuel pour une exploitation combinée des vulnérabilités « humaines » avec des outils numériques. L’ingénierie sociale transforme les utilisateurs qui deviennent, inconsciemment, facilitateurs des cyberattaques, au point d’être perçus comme le « maillon faible » de la cybersécurité. Les particuliers, les entreprises et les Etats sont tous confrontés au défi de trouver une réponse à ces atteintes. Cependant, les moyens juridiques, techniques, économiques et culturels mis en place semblent encore insuffisants. Loin d’être éradiquée, l’utilisation de l’ingénierie sociale à des fins illicites poursuit son essor. Face au manque d’efficacité de la politique criminelle actuelle, le travail en amont nous apparaît comme une piste à explorer. Savoir anticiper, détecter précocement et réagir promptement face à la délinquance informatique sont alors des questions prioritaires nécessitant une approche plus humaniste, axée sur la prévention et la coopération. Si nous sommes d’accord sur ce qu’il reste à faire, le défi est de trouver le« comment ».</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The digital revolution has encouraged the emergence of a new type of criminal activity : cyber-crime. This includes a vast array of activities and offences that often use social engineering techniques. These techniques are old and not widely understood, yet benefit from the increase of data available online and the use of firewalls and other security systems. They have been adapted to work with the Internet and digital technologies in order to exploit the “vulnerabilities” of human psychology. Social engineering targets the user, who often unconsciously, allows access to systems or data, making the user the weakest link in the cyber-security chain. Individuals, companies and governments are all facing the same challenge in trying to solve these issues, utilising current legal, financial, technological and social resources which seem to be insufficient. Far from being eradicated, fraudulent activities that use social engineering continue to increase in prevalence. The inefficiency of current judicial polices forces us to consider alternative strategies upstream. Being proactive, predicting early and reacting quickly to computer related crimes should be the priority of a more humanistic approach which is focused on prevention and cooperation. Although one can agree on the approach ; the challenge is to find out how to implement it.</dcterms:abstract>
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