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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Modélisation de la reconstitution osseuse en chirurgie de l’enfant</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Bone reconstitution modelisation in paediatric cleft surgery</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fente</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Greffe osseuse alvéolaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Force de compaction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Enfant</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chirurgie des fentes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cleft</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Alveolar bone graft</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Compaction force</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cleft surgery</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="182189325" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Greffe osseuse alvéolaire</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Contexte : La greffe osseuse alvéolaire est désormais considérée comme une étape clé du traitement chirurgical des fentes labio-palatines. La particularité de cette greffe réside dans sa géométrie particulière car l’os spongieux est alors placé entre deux surfaces corticales. Méthodes : L’objectif de cette recherche est d’abord d’obtenir, à l’aide d’une revue de la littérature, une meilleure compréhension de l’histoire de la greffe, des matériaux utilisés et des facteurs influençant son résultat. Ce travail se porte ensuite sur le développement d’un modèle permettant de simuler les résultats de la greffe en fonction de l’influence de différents paramètres, en particulier l’effet du compactage mécanique sur la greffe osseuse. Les caractéristiques de la greffe sont observées en fonction de la magnitude de la force appliquée (0 à 50 N). L’os spongieux fémoral et iliaque est utilisé. Une analyse par microscanner et des cultures de CFU-F sont effectuées. Résultats : Le micro-scanner permet une caractérisation précise de la structure du greffon en fonction de la force de compaction appliquée 0, 5, 20 et 50N. Le nombre de CFU-F (Colony Forming Units-Fibroblats) révèle que l’application d’une force de compaction a un impact positif sur la prolifération cellulaire. Conclusion : Cette recherche tend à mieux comprendre le remodelage osseux influencé par les forces de compaction dans le cas particulier de la fente alvéolaire, l'objectif ultime étant de guider le chirurgien vers un résultat optimisé.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Background and purpose: Alveolar cleft bone grafting is now widely accepted as one step of cleft surgical treatment. The peculiarity of this graft stands in its particular geometry: bone is placed in between two cortical surfaces. Methods: The objective of this research is first to get, trough literature, a better comprehension of graft history, graft materials and influencing factors of bone graft integration. Then this work aims to develop a model to simulate graft results according to the influence of different parameters, especially the effect of mechanical compaction on bone graft. Graft features are observed relying on magnitude of the applied force (0 to 50N). Cancellous human femoral and iliac bones are used. Micro-CT scanning and CFUs culture are performed. Results: Micro-CT scan gives a precise characterization of the structure of the graft depending of the applied compaction forces 0, 5, 20 and 50N. The number of CFUs (Colony Forming Units) shows a positive impact of compaction force on mesenchymal stem cells proliferation. Conclusion: This research tends to better understand the bone remodeling influenced by compaction forces in the alveolar cleft particular environment, with the ultimate objective to guide the surgical procedure.</dcterms:abstract>
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