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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Théorie des noeuds et variétés amassées</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Théorie des nœuds</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Groupes de tresses</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027255093" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Variétés algébriques</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Dans cette thèse nous établissons des liens entre la théorie des nœuds et la théorie des variétés amassées. Nous réinterprétons le modèle de dimères pour le polynôme d'Alexander d'un nœud de Cohen, Dasbach et Russel dans le contexte des variétés amassées. Nous étendons le modèle à la torsion de Milnor de l'extérieur d'un entrelacs. Nous construisons une application qui associe à un représentant de tresse colorée et orientée, une paire consistant en une variété amassée modelée sur le diagramme Dynkin de type A et une sous-variété de cette dernière. Les variétés modelées sur le diagramme de Dynkin de type A, construites par Fock et Goncharov, sont munies d'une application d'évaluation. La composition de notre l'application avec l'application d'évaluation restreinte à la sous-variété donne une généralisation de la représentation de Burau réduite du groupoïde des tresses colorées et orientées. Nous donnons une construction similaire pour la représentation de Burau non réduite du groupoïde des tresses colorées et orientées. Nous adaptons les deux constructions précédentes pour les tresses cylindriques colorées orientées. Dans ce cas, les variétés amassées associées sont modelées sur le diagramme de Dynkin de type A affine.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">In this thesis we establish connections between knot theory and the theory of cluster varieties. We reinterpret the dimer model for the Alexander polynomial of a knot of Cohen, Dasbach and Russel in the context of cluster varieties. We extend the model to the Milnor torsion of a link exterior. We construct an application which associates with a representative of a colored and oriented braid, a pair consisting of a cluster variety modeled on the type A Dynkin diagram and a sub-variety of the latter. The varieties modeled on the type A Dynkin diagram, constructed by Fock and Goncharov, are equipped with an evaluation map. The composition of our application with the evaluation map restricted to the sub-variety gives a generalization of the reduced Burau representation of the groupoid of colored and oriented braids. We give a similar construction for the unreduced Burau representation of the groupoid of colored and oriented braids. We adapt the two previous constructions for the colored oriented cylindrical braids. In this case, the associated cluster varieties are modeled on the affine type A Dynkin diagram.</dcterms:abstract>
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