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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude par les techniques avancées de microscopie électronique en transmission de matériaux fragiles</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Microscopie électronique en transmission</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Matériaux sensibles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Irradiation</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Transmission electron microscopy</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit a montré l’importance du développement méthodologique et technique pour identifier et débloquer les verrous empêchant l’analyse de matériaux hybrides et complexes qui se dégradent sous irradiation par un faisceau d’électrons. Nous avons mis en évidence que des dégâts sur l’échantillon produits par les électrons n’apparaissent qu’au-dessus d'un certain seuil de densité de courant électronique qui dépend de la nature du matériau et de ses caractéristiques morphologiques et structurales. Ces développements couplés à la Cryo-EM, nous ont permis de mettre en évidence l’architecture des matériaux hybrides à base de carbone, la variation de la distance lamellaire dans une pérovskite en fonction de la molécule insérée et le positionnement du métal, d’identifier les interactions à l’interface entre deux cristaux moléculaires et la quantification 3D de la fonctionnalisation d’un MOF. Dans la dernière partie, nous avons mis en évidence les processus de nucléation et de croissance d’oxyde de fer par MET in-situ en phase liquide.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The present manuscript shows the importance of methodological and technical development to identify and to unblock locks preventing the analysis of hybrid and complex materials that undergo degradation under electron beam irradiation. We have shown that beam-induced damage to the sample only appears above some specific threshold of current density. Such a threshold depends on the nature of the material and on its morphological and structural characteristics. These developments in synergy with the use of Cryo-EM, allowed us to expose the architecture of carbon-based hybrid materials, measure the variation of the lamellar distance in a perovskite according to the molecular spacer and to the positioning of the metal, identify the interactions at the interface between two molecular crystals, and the 3D quantification of the functionalization within a MOF. Lastly, we brought to light the processes of nucleation and growth of iron oxide by in-situ liquid phase TEM.</dcterms:abstract>
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