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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Catalyse de la polymérisation pour l'obtention de polyesters à caractères hydrophile biodégradable</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Des adduits carbéniques à base de métaux du groupe 13 (aluminium, gallium et indium) ainsi qu’un nouveau cation d’aluminium stabilisé par des groupements alkyles, ont permis la ROP du lactide dans des conditions réactionnelles douces et simples. Dans un second temps, des copolymères amphiphiles ont été synthétisés par la ROP du lactide en présence de poly(éthylène glycol) menant aux PEG-co-PLLA désirés. Les complexes organométalliques ont encore mis en avant leurs avantages grâce à l’utilisation de salen d’aluminium qui permet d’ouvrir la voie sur la ROP de l’α-chloro-ε-caprolactone menant à la poly(α-chloro-ε-caprolactone). La synthèse de nouveaux copolymères, diblocs et stéréocomplexe a permis de moduler les propriétés de l’homopolymère obtenu, telles qu’ont pu le confirmer les diverses mesures physico-chimiques effectuées sur ces derniers. Enfin, la post-fonctionnalisation partielle, grâce à la réaction de Williamson, suivie par la réaction d’hydrogénation a permis l’obtention de polymères hydrophiles.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Carbene adducts with Group 13 metal (aluminium, gallium and indium) and a new aluminium cation stabilized by alkyl groups, have allowed the ROP of lactide under mild and simple conditions. In a second step, amphiphilic copolymers were synthesized with poly(ethylene glycol) leading to the desired PEG-co-PLLA. Organometallic complexes have still put forward their advantages by the use of aluminium’s salen allowing to open the way on the ROP of the α-chloro-ε-caprolactone leading to the poly(α-chloro-ε-caprolactone). The formation of new copolymers, diblocks and stereocomplex has afforded to modulate the obtained homopolymer’s properties, confirmed by the use of the various physicochemical measurements effected on the latter. Finally, the partial post-functionalization according to the Williamson reaction followed by the hydrogenation reaction has led to the obtaining of hydrophilic polymers.</dcterms:abstract>
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