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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Exister dans l'espace humanitaire : Médecins du monde, des impératifs de conformation aux évolutions identitaires (1980-2015)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Existing in the humanitarian space : Médecins du Monde, from Imperatives to conform to identity changes (1980-2015)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Médecins du monde</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ong</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Humanitaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Institutionnalisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Professionnalisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Managerialisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Identité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Distinction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conformation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Salariat</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bénévolat</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">"désoccidentalisation"</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Syndicalisme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cifre</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Doctors of the World</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">NGO</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Humanitarian sector</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Institutionalization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Professionalization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Managerialization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Identity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Distinction</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Conformity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Salaried</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Volunteer work</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">“de-Westernization"</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Trade unionism</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cifre</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le point de départ de cette thèse découle d’une demande exprimée par l’ONG Médecins du monde, partenaire impliqué dans le cadre d’un dispositif CIFRE. L’ONG souhaitait, à partir d’un travail sur ses pratiques humanitaires, améliorer sa reconnaissance au niveau national et international, ainsi que travailler sur son identité distinctive. Le travail mené dans le cadre de cette recherche a finalement interrogé les conditions d’existence d’une ONG dans l’espace humanitaire, lui permettant notamment de compter, à la période contemporaine, parmi les principales ONG humanitaires françaises. Nous pouvons y lire le résultat d’une conformation successive aux exigences extérieures (concurrence, bailleurs de fonds) d’une organisation de médecins bénévoles qui se distinguait originellement par le « refus d’être des professionnels de la misère ». Cette adaptation a des conséquences sur les modes de présentation, les modes d’organisation, le recrutement et les orientations de l’association, reposant sur certaines tensions et contradictions. Elles seront explorées à partir de différents outils (étude de discours, sociographie des acteurs, observations de mobilisations, etc.) afin de montrer comment l’identité de l’organisation se (re)crée et s’adapte vers la managérialisation ambivalente mais inéluctable des pratiques et des représentations de celles et ceux qui font exister MDM.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This PhD originated as a commission from the NGO Doctors of the World, taking the form of a CIFRE fellowship. The organization was trying to boost its recognition domestically and internationally by working on its humanitarian practices, as well as refine its distinctive identity. This research ended up examining the conditions of existence of a NGO in the humanitarian space as one of the main contemporary French NGOs. This status is identified as the outcome of successive adjustments to conform to outside demands (competition-related or from backers) in an organization of volunteer doctors that initially stood out by its refusal to be “professionals of poverty”. These adjustments have had consequences in terms of forms of presentation, of organization, hiring and orientations, characterized by a number of tensions and contradictions. They are explored using a variety of tools (discourse analysis, sociography of actors, observation of mobilizations, etc.), ultimately showing how the organization’s identity has been (re)created and refashioned to fit the ambivalent but inevitable managerialization of the practices and representations of the people who make the NGO exist.</dcterms:abstract>
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