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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Identification and functional characterization of novel genes implicated in congenital myopathies</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Identification et validation fonctionnelle de nouveaux gènes impliqués dans les myopathies</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Myopathies congénitales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">MYPN</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">ACTN2</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Génétique humaine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Muscle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Congenital myopathies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">MYPN</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Human genetics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Muscle</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027368955" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Maladies musculaires</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="087702762" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Myopathie némaline</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="040776662" autoriteSource="Sudoc.FMesh">Sarcomères</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les myopathies congénitales sont des maladies génétiques sévères caractérisées par une faiblesse musculaire très invalidante de début infantile. Afin d’identifier de nouvelles causes génétiques, nous avons séquencé les exomes de patients myopathes qui ne disposaient pas de diagnostic moléculaire et leur analyse a mis en évidence deux nouveaux gènes de myopathie. MYPN et ACTN2 codent pour deux protéines structurales du sarcomères appelées myopalladine et alphaactinine-2. Afin d’étudier l’impact des mutations sur la fonction de la protéine et sur la physiologie du muscle, des analyses moléculaires et fonctionnelles ont été réalisées en modèles cellulaires et animaux. Les mutations dans MYPN induisent une perte de la protéine, et dans les muscles de souris, l’alpha-actinine-2 mutée conduit à une faiblesse musculaire et génère des défauts structuraux similaires à ceux retrouvés chez les patients. Ces résultats ont un impact direct sur la prise en charge des patients et sur le conseil génétique, sur la compréhension de voies de signalisation fondamentales pour la physiologie musculaire, et mettent en évidence de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Congenital myopathies are severe genetic muscle diseases characterized by a disabling early-onset muscle weakness. In order to identify new genetic causes, we sequenced the exomes of molecularly undiagnosed congenital myopathy patients, and their analysis highlighted two novel myopathy genes. MYPN and ACTN2 encode two structural sarcomeric proteins called myopalladin and alphaactinin-2. To evaluate the impact of the mutations on the protein function and on muscle physiology, molecular and functional analyses were performed in cell and animal models. The MYPN mutations resulted in loss of myopalladin expression, and in mouse muscles, mutated alpha-actinin-2 led to muscle weakness and structural defects similar to those observed in the patient muscles. These results have a direct impact on the disease management of the patients and on genetic counselling, provide a better understanding of the signaling pathways required for muscle physiology, and highlight novel therapeutic targets.</dcterms:abstract>
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