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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Hétérogénéités en Union monétaire : quelles implications pour la zone euros ?</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Hétérogénéités structurelles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Politique budgétaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Politique monétaire</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Fonction de réaction budgétaire</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modèle SVAR</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modèle à correction d’erreur</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Structural heterogeneities</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fiscal policy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Monetary policy</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fiscal reaction function</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse a pour objectif d’étudier l’implication des hétérogénéités structurelles dans le cadre des politiques économiques de la zone euro. Nous étudions d’abord dans quelles mesures ces hétérogénéités et l’introduction d’un objectif de stabilité financière attribué à la banque centrale affectent la stabilisation conjoncturelle suite aux chocs et la coordination entre les autorités monétaires et budgétaires. Nous montrons la pertinence croissante de la coordination avec le degré d’hétérogénéité et la pro-activité de la banque centrale suite à l’ajout de l’objectif de stabilité financière qui améliore/dégrade la stabilisation conjoncturelle selon le type de choc. Ensuite, nous étudions des fonctions de réaction budgétaire nationales qui démontrent l’hétérogénéité des comportements budgétaires des gouvernements et les différents déterminants des politiques budgétaires. Enfin, nous mettons en évidence l’impact hétérogène de la politique monétaire unique sur les pays membres. Ceci s’explique notamment par des caractéristiques structurelles hétérogènes dans les spécialisations productives, dans le fonctionnement des marchés financiers, marchés du travail etc. De même, nous posons la question de la pertinence d’une politique monétaire unique dans le cadre d’une union monétaire hétérogène, en l’absence de mécanisme d’ajustement.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The aim of this thesis is to examine the implications of structural heterogeneities in the policy framework of the euro area. The first step is to analyse the extent to which structural heterogeneities and the introduction of a financial stability objective assigned to the central bank influence the coordination of monetary and fiscal authorities as well as the economic stabilization that follows after shocks. Noteworthy is the increasing relevance of coordination with the degree of heterogeneity on the one hand and a proactivity of the central bank on the other hand, which improve / corrupts cyclical stabilization according to the type of shock after a financial stability objective has been added. Next step is to examine the fiscal reaction functions in the euro area to demonstrate the heterogeneity of government fiscal behavior on the one hand and the determinants of these fiscal policies on the other. Finally, we look at the impact of the single monetary policy on the euro area Member States and highlight a completely heterogeneous transmission of monetary policy, caused in particular by structural heterogeneities in productive specializations, functioning of financial and labor markets, just to name a few. Here, we ask about the relevance of single monetary policy in the context of heterogeneous monetary union without any mechanism of adjustment.</dcterms:abstract>
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