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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Individual incentive and pro-environmental behaviors : the role of networks</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ressource commune</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nudge</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Agriculture biologique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Comportement pro-environnemental</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Comparaison sociale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Common pool resource</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Network</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nudge</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Organic farming</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pro-environmental behavior</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Social comparison</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La question fondamentale à laquelle sont confrontés les économistes et les écologistes est de savoir comment promouvoir de manière adéquate les comportements individuels favorables à l'environnement (c'est-à-dire motiver les gens à protéger leur environnement local ou à lutter contre le changement climatique mondial). En ce sens, diverses études théoriques et empiriques ont été élaborées pour expliquer comment les incitations monétaires (par exemple, les taxes, les subventions, etc.) ainsi que les incitations sociales (par exemple, l'influence sociale, les normes, etc.) pourraient contribuer à motiver les individus à adopter un comportement favorable à la durabilité environnementale. Dans le monde actuel, chacun est lié à plusieurs types de réseaux sociaux (par exemple, un réseau de famille, d'amis, de parents, de voisins, de collègues, etc.). En raison de ces liens, l'influence des pairs pourrait être utilisée pour motiver les individus à adopter un comportement cible (Thaler, 2008). Il est donc crucial de comprendre comment les incitations sociales (par exemple, les normes sociales, la comparaison sociale, les coups de coude, etc.) et la structure du réseau pourraient contribuer à promouvoir et à maintenir les comportements pro-environnementaux des individus. Dans cette perspective, ce mémoire contribue à l'analyse du rôle du réseau et de son impact sur les comportements pro-environnementaux de manière théorique et expérimentale. [...]</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The fundamental issue faced by both economist and environmentalist scholars is how to adequately promote individual pro-environmental behaviors (i.e., motivating people to either protect their local surrounding environment or fight against global climate change). In this sense, a variety of theoretical and empirical studies has been developed to explain how monetary (e.g., tax, subsidy, etc.) as well as social incentives (e.g., social influence, norms, etc.) could help to motivate individuals to behave toward environmental sustainability. In a today world of social relationship, everyone is linked to a social network (e.g., a network of family, friends, relatives, neighbors, co-workers, etc.). Since individuals are linked to each other, peer influence could be used to motivate individuals to perform a target behavior (Thaler, 2008). It is therefore crucial to understand how social incentives (e.g., social norms, social comparison, nudges, etc.) and network structure could help to promote and sustain individuals' pro-environmental behaviors. In this perceptive, this dissertation contributes to the analysis of the role of network and its impact on pro-environmental behaviors in a theoretical and experimental way. [...]</dcterms:abstract>
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