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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Instruments numériques et performances musicales : enjeux ontologiques et esthétiques</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Instrument de musique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ordinateur</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Numérique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Performance musicale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Œuvre musicale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ontologie musicale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Musical instrument</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Computer</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Digital</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Music performance</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Musical work</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Musical ontology</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les ordinateurs et instruments numériques sont-ils des instruments de musique ? Selon des définitions traditionnelles, la réponse est négative. Pourtant, de nombreux outils numériques sont aujourd’hui utilisés pour jouer de la musique. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’approfondir, au moyen d’une enquête ontologique et d’une réflexion esthétique, le statut de ce genre d’instruments et des performances qu’ils mettent en œuvre. Nous étudions des systèmes musicaux caractérisés par l’élaboration numérique et algorithmique du son : des instruments à interfaces gestuelles, des contrôleurs MIDI, des logiciels de création musicale, des performances d’orchestres d’ordinateurs et de live coding. Nous cherchons à montrer que, sous certaines conditions, il est possible de les considérer comme de véritables instruments de musique. Nous explorons les dynamiques qu’ils font émerger ainsi que leurs productions : des œuvres musicales particulièrement orientées vers la performance, proposant une expérience sonore mais aussi fortement visuelle. Par leur rapport au temps et à l’espace de la scène, les instruments numériques sont intimement liés à leurs performances.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Can we claim that computers and digital instruments are real musical instruments ? According to classical definitions, we cannot. However, nowadays many digital systems are being used to play music, calling for a reconsideration of the classical definitions of a musical instrument. This thesis investigates the ontological status of digital instruments and the aesthetics offered by them in music performances. We examine digital systems involving digital and algorithmic sound generation, including instruments with gestural interfaces, MIDI controllers, music software, laptop orchestra performances, and live coding. We seek to determine the conditions under which digital instruments can be considered real musical instruments. We explore the new dynamics emerging through the use of these new instruments. Digital instruments lead to the production of musical works particularly oriented towards performances, in which the visual component is an integral part of the experience. Digital instruments relate to temporality and space on the stage in a novel way, and there is a tight connection between digital instruments and the performances produced with them.</dcterms:abstract>
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