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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Matériaux hybrides polyoxométallate -(iso)porphyrine : dispositifs photovoltaïques et photo(électro)catalyse</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Hybrid polyoxometalate – porphyrin materials : photovoltaic devices and photocatalysis</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Porphyrine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dipyridyle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Isoporphyrine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Photocourants</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Oxygène singulet</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Electropolymérisation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cluster</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Viologène</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Dipyridinium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Diphosphonium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Porphyrin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Dipyridyl</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Isoporphyrin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Photocurrent</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Singlet oxygen</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Electropolymerization</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Viologen</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Octahedral halide clusters</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Diphosphonium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Dipyridinium</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le but de cette thèse a été de fonctionnaliser la position méso d'une porphyrine avec des ligands du type dipyridyle de manière à obtenir des copolymères de (iso)porphyrines par électropolymérisation. Divers ligands dipyridyle ont été utilisé, conduisant à la formation d'une liaison carbone-azote et à des espaceurs dipyridiniums. Des copolymères du type poly-isoporphyrine et poly-porphyrine peuvent être ainsi obtenues par électro-oxydation à +1,0 V / ECS ou 1,6 V / ECS respectivement. Les deux types de copolymères ont été caractérisés par spectroscopie UV-Vis-NIR, spectroscopie photoélectronique par rayons X (XPS), électrochimie, résonance paramagnétique électronique (RPE), microscopie à force atomique (AFM) et spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique (EIS). La spectroscopie RPE a confirmé la présence du radical pour les copolymères à base d’isoporphyrines. Les spectres optiques des polyisoporphyrines ont montré un dédoublement de la bande d’absorption Soret et la présence d’une bande additionnelle dans le proche IR. Une réponse photoélectrique plus efficace pour les polyisoporphyrines comparés aux polyporphyrines ont été observée et a été expliquée par les propriétés optiques du matériau absorbant plus dans le domaine du visible et du proche IR. L'excitation de cette nouvelle bande NIR pour le copolymère radical isoporphyrine conduit, en milieux aérés en présence de 3O2, à la formation de l'état singulet du dioxygène 1O2. Cela montre que ce type de matériau peut être prometteur pour être employé pour le traitement de cancer par photothérapie.Un copolymère 3D a également été obtenu à l’aide d’un cluster du type polyiodométallate portant six groupement pyridyles pendants (PIM(py)6). Des copolymères à base d’isoporphyrines avec des espaceurs diphosphoniums ont également été préparés et étudiés. Une bonne efficacité pour la génération de photocourant sous illumination visible et/ou proche infra-rouge a été obtenue. De tels résultats ouvrent une nouvelle voie pour former des copolymères originaux avec de nouvelles propriétés intéressantes pour des applications en photo(électro)catalyse.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The purpose of this thesis was to functionalize the meso position of a porphyrin with ligands using electropolymerization by covalent connection. Various dipyridyl ligands were introduced, leading to the formation of a carbon-nitrogen bond. Polyisoporphyrin and polyporphyrin can be obtained by using different upper potentials which is due to the formation of porphyrin radical cation and porphyrin dications. The two copolymers were also characterized by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemistry, Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). ESR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of the radical inside copolymer films. The optical spectra of polyisoporphyrins showed a splitting of Soret band and additional Near IR band which produce more efficient photocurrent response than polyporphyrins. The singlet oxygen. Excitation of this new NIR band for the isoporphyrin radical copolymer lead, in the aerated media (presence of O2), to the formation of the singlet state of the dioxygen 1O2 which is the first step for the use of such materials for the phototherapy cancer treatment.Moreover, the same conditions were used to introduce pyridyl decorated octahedral halide clusters and diphosphonium where the potential of oxidation is below the second second oxidation potential of the porphyrin. Good efficiency for the photocurrent generation under visible illumination were obtained. The photovoltaic performances depended on the number of iterative cycle used during the electropolymerization. Such results open a new route to form original copolymers with interesting new properties for photo(electro)catalysis.</dcterms:abstract>
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