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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">De nouveaux inhibiteurs de l’enzyme IspD comme solution contre Bacillus anthracis</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Bacillus anthracis</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Methylerythritol phosphate pathway</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les récentes épidémies (Zika, Ebola et Covid-19) ont montré notre vulnérabilité face aux maladies infectieuses. Dans ce contexte, l’emploi d’agents pathogènes (virus, bactéries et toxines) comme arme biologique est un fait inquiétant. L’un des agents les plus dangereux est la bactérie Bacillus anthracis qui est responsable de la maladie du charbon (anthrax). Des antibiotiques sont encore actifs sur ce microorganisme mais l'émergence de souches résistantes nécessite le développement d’antibiotiques avec de nouveaux modes d'actions. Les isoprénoïdes, essentiels à la survie de tous organismes vivants, sont synthétisés à partir de deux voies de biosynthèse : la voie du mévalonate (MVA) et la voie du méthylérythritol phosphate (MEP). Cette dernière voie, absente chez l’Homme, mais présente chez la plupart des bactéries constitue donc une cible pour le développement de nouveaux antibiotiques. Afin de développer des inhibiteurs d’IspD, la troisième enzyme de la voie du MEP, une approche par fragment a été développée. Un criblage par résonance plasmonique de surface (SPR) a permis d’identifier 23 fragments ayant une affinité pour IspD de Bacillus anthracis de l’ordre du micromolaire. Parmi ces fragments, 4 ont été sélectionnés à l’aide de différentes techniques telles que la RMN STD, le docking et les tests enzymatiques. Finalement, l’évolution de ces 4 fragments a conduit à la synthèse de 18 molécules dont le potentiel d’inhibition reste à déterminer.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Recent epidemics (Zika, Ebola and Covid-19) have shown our vulnerability to infectious diseases. In this context, the use of pathogens (viruses, bacteria and toxins) as biological weapons is a worrying fact. One of the most dangerous is the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which is responsible for anthrax disease. Antibiotics are still active this microorganism but the emergence of resistant strains requires the development of antibiotics with new different modes of action. Isoprenoids, essential for the survival of all living organisms, are synthesized from two biosynthetic pathways: the mevalonate pathway (MVA) and the methylerythritol phosphate pathway (MEP). The latter, absent in humans but present in most bacteria, is therefore a target for the development of new antibiotics. In order to develop inhibitors of IspD, the third enzyme of the MEP pathway, a fragment based drug design approach has been developed. Surface plasmon resonance screening (SPR) identified 23 fragments with an affinity for Bacillus anthracis IspD in the micromolar range. Among these fragments, 4 were selected using different techniques such as STD NMR, docking and enzymatic assays. Finally, the evolution of these 4 fragments led to the synthesis of 18 molecules whose inhibition potential remains to be determined.</dcterms:abstract>
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