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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Le crime et le pardon : les lettres de rémission des ducs de Lorraine (1473-1633)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Sentence and forgiveness : the letters of remission of the Dukes of Lorraine (1473-1633)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Première modernité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Justice</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Violence</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Criminalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Conflit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">État moderne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lorraine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">First modernity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Justice</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Violence</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Crime</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La justice de la première modernité reposait autant sur la punition du crime que sur la miséricorde. Dans l’espace francophone, le pardon judiciaire prenait depuis la fin du Moyen Âge la forme des lettres de rémission. Une série presque continue de près de 3000 copies en a été conservée dans les registres des lettres patentes des ducs de Lorraine entre le règne de René II (1473-1508) et l’occupation des armées françaises en 1633. Réponses à des requêtes qui émanaient de toute la société, elles mobilisaient le travail des plus hautes institutions de l’État. Par ce moyen les ducs dispensaient leur grâce : ils pardonnaient certains crimes, annulaient les procédures judiciaires en cours, assuraient la réintégration des bénéficiaires dans la société, favorisaient la réconciliation des parties et le retour à la paix civile. L’historiographie, en constant renouvellement, invite à réfléchir sur le rapport que les lettres de rémission construisent entre la justice princière et la société. Ce n’est plus seulement le paradigme de la naissance de l’État moderne qui est interrogé mais l’ensemble des moyens mis en œuvre par la société pour tenter de juguler les conflits qui la traversent. Cette thèse se propose donc d’analyser les modalités de régulation de la violence par l’exercice du pardon judiciaire durant la première modernité lorraine.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The justice of the first modernity was based as much on the punishment of crime as on mercy. In the French-speaking world, judicial pardons had taken the form of letters of remission since the end of the Middle Ages. An almost continuous series of nearly 3000 copies was kept in the records of the letters patent of the Dukes of Lorraine between the reign of René II (1473-1508) and the occupation of the French armies in 1633. Responding to requests from all over society, they mobilized the work of the highest institutions of the state. By this means the dukes dispensed their pardon : they pardoned certain crimes, cancelled the ongoing judicial proceedings, ensured the reintegration of beneficiaries into society, promoted the reconciliation of the parties and the return to civil peace. Historiography, in constant renewal, invites us to reflect on the relationship that letters of remission build between princely justice and society. It is no longer only the paradigm of the birth of the modern state that is being questioned, but the whole means used by society to try to contain the conflicts that run through it. This thesis proposes to analyze the modalities of regulating violence through the exercise of judicial pardon during the first Lorraine modernity.</dcterms:abstract>
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