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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Etude du rôle de CHD8 dans les troubles gastro-intestinaux associés aux troubles du spectre autistique</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Role of CHD8 in the gastrointestinal troubles associated with autism spectrum disorders</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">TSA</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Poisson-zèbre</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cellules de la Crête Neurale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">CHD8</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">ASD</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Neural Crest cells</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">CHD8</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="164393781" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Troubles du spectre de l'autisme</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="040710718" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Maladies gastro-intestinales</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="028694414" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Troubles du sommeil</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les patients porteurs d’une mutation dans CHD8, gène candidat majeur pour les Troubles du Spectre Autistique (TSA), présentent une macrocéphalie, des troubles gastro-intestinaux et des troubles du sommeil. Nous avons utilisé une lignée mutante stable pour chd8 et avons observé qu’elle reproduit les phénotypes observés chez les individus porteurs d’une mutation dans CHD8. Les larves mutantes présentent une diminution du nombre de neurones entériques, dont nous avons cherché l’origine. Nous avons observé des défauts de prolifération, de migration ou de différenciation des Cellules de la Crête Neurale entériques. De plus, la synthèse de la sérotonine et la signalisation sérotoninergique étaient altérées dans les larves mutantes, ce qui pourrait induire une mauvaise transduction du signal dans les neurones entériques, ainsi qu’une activation de l’inflammation dans l’intestin des larves mutantes.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">CHD8 is one of the major candidate genes for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Individuals carrying a mutation in CHD8 present with ASD, macrocephaly, gastro-intestinal defects, and sleep disorders. We used a stable zebrafish mutant line for chd8 to recapitulate the phenotypes displayed by individuals carrying a mutation in CHD8. Mutant larvae present with a reduced number of enteric neurons, confirming previous results obtained with a transient knock-down of chd8 in zebrafish. We then investigated the origin of the reduced number of enteric neurons and we found that migration, proliferation, and differentiation of the enteric Neural Crest Cells were affected in mutant zebrafish larvae. In addition, the serotonin synthesis and signaling pathway was dysregulated in mutant larvae, leading to possible disruption of signal transduction in enteric neurons, and likely driving the activation of inflammation in the gut of mutant larvae.</dcterms:abstract>
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