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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Impact du stress périnatal chez le rongeur : évaluation comportementale et mécanismes d’action</dc:title>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les enfants ayant subi des perturbations périnatales, telles qu’un stress prénatal ou une naissance prématurée, sont exposés in utero et/ou lors de la période néonatale à un environnement sensoriel particulièrement agressif. Celui-ci peut affecter le développement cérébral de l’enfant et sa santé à long terme. Ce travail de thèse vise à comprendre l’effet de perturbations périnatales sur les différentes composantes de la douleur (sensori-discriminative, émotionnelle, comportementale et cognitive), et de déterminer les mécanismes moléculaires responsables des altérations constatées au niveau phénotypique. En particulier, nous avons pu démontrer un dysfonctionnement majeur et durable de la signalisation ocytocinergique suite à un stress périnatal, associé à des troubles de la régulation de l’homéostasie chlorure, altérant l’intégrité fonctionnelle des contrôles inhibiteurs. Ce travail a ainsi permis d’identifier l’ocytocine comme un acteur clé de l’apparition de divers troubles comportementaux associés à une douleur comme l’anxiété chronique ou les troubles des interactions sociales.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Early life adverse events such as prenatal stress or prematurity are known to affect brain development and its function at a later age. In particular, in utero and/or neonatal exposition to a stressful environment increases the risk to develop chronic pain and associated behavioral comorbidities accross the lifespan. The goal of this PhD thesis was to better understand the consequences of early life stress on the different components of pain (sensory-discriminative, emotional, behavioral and cognitive), and to decipher the molecular mecanisms underlying the observed behavioral alterations. Notably, we demonstrated a long-lasting impairment of oxytocinergic signaling following early life stress, associated with chloride homeostasis dysregulation, suggesting alterations in the functional integrity of inhibitory controls. This work led to the identification of oxytocin as a critical determinant in the emergence of the abnormal sensoriality and emotionality following early life stress.</dcterms:abstract>
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