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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Study of the role of ral gtpases in exosome secretion and metastatic progression</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Étude du rôle des gtpases Ral dans la sécrétion des exosomes et la progression métastatique</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Vésicules extracellulaires (VE)</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les vésicules extracellulaires (VE) cancéreuses font la navette à distance et fertilisent les niches pré-métastatiques facilitant l'ensemencement ultérieur par les cellules tumorales. Cependant, le lien entre les mécanismes de sécrétion d'EV et leur capacité à former des niches pré-métastatiques reste obscur. À l'aide de modèles murins, nous montrons que les GTPases de la famille Ral contrôlent, par l'intermédiaire de la phospholipase D1, l'homéostasie des corps multivésiculaires et règlent la biogenèse et la sécrétion des véhicules électriques pro-métastatiques. Il est important de noter que les véhicules électriques provenant de cellules appauvries en RalA ou RalB ont des capacités organotropes limitées in vivo et sont moins efficaces pour favoriser les métastases. RalA et RalB réduisent les niveaux d'EV de la molécule d'adhésion MCAM/CD146, qui favorise les métastases médiées par EV en permettant aux EV de cibler les poumons. Enfin, RalA, RalB et MCAM/CD146 sont des facteurs de mauvais pronostic chez les patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein. Dans l'ensemble, notre étude identifie les RalGTPases comme des molécules centrales liant les mécanismes de sécrétion et de chargement des véhicules électriques à leur capacité à disséminer et à induire des niches pré-métastatiques d'une manière dépendante du CD146.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Cancer extracellular vesicles (EVs) shuttle at distance and fertilize pre-metastatic niches facilitating subsequent seeding by tumor cells. However, the link between EV secretion mechanisms and their capacity to form pre-metastatic niches remains obscure. Using mouse models, we show that GTPases of the Ral family control, through the phospholipase D1, multi-vesicular bodies homeostasis and tune the biogenesis and secretion of pro-metastatic EVs. Importantly, EVs from RalA or RalB depleted cells have limited organotropic capacities in vivo and are less efficient in promoting metastasis. RalA and RalB reduce the EV levels of the adhesion molecule MCAM/CD146, which favors EV-mediated metastasis by allowing EVs targeting to the lungs. Finally, RalA, RalB, and MCAM/CD146, are factors of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Altogether, our study identifies RalGTPases as central molecules linking the mechanisms of EVs secretion and cargo loading to their capacity to disseminate and induce pre-metastatic niches in a CD146-dependent manner.</dcterms:abstract>
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