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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Characterization of the nuclear envelope mechano- transduction in Arabidopsis : from supracellular stress to chromatin remodeling</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Caractérisation de la mécano-transduction à l’enveloppe nucléaire chez Arabidopsis : du stress supracellulaire au remodelage de la chromatine</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mécanique nucléaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Micro-rhéométrie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">AFM</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Forme du noyau</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Enveloppe nucléaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Stress hyperosmotique</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mérsitème racinaire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Géne en réponse au toucher</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Eli-1</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Analyse de l’expression de gènes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nuclear mechanics</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Micro-rheometry</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nuclear shape</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les cellules végétales détectent et répondent à divers stimuli mécaniques externes comme le toucher ou le vent, et internes comme la pression osmotique et la tension des parois cellulaires. Dans cette étude, j'ai démontré que la forme et la rigidité du noyau sont affectées de manière réversible en condition de stress hyperosmotique et sont corrélées à l’expression de gènes. Afin d'identifier les bases moléculaires de cette réponse, nous avons étudié différents mutants. En particulier, les protéines GIP lient cytosquelette, enveloppe nucléaire et chromatine ; nous avons observé que le mutant gip1gip2 présente une réponse nucléaire de type hyperosmotique constitutive et acquiert même une résistance physiologique au stress hyperosmotique. De façon plus exploratoire, j’ai commencé à analyser l’impact du nucléosquelette (mutant crwn1) et de la paroi (mutant eli1) sur la forme des noyaux et leurs réponses au stress hyperosmotique. Notre étude ouvre le champ de la mécanotransduction nucléaire chez les plantes, et offre de nombreuses perspectives</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Plant cells sense and respond to external mechanical stimuli such as touch or wind, and to internal mechanical stimuli, such as turgor pressure and cell wall tension. In this study I have demonstrated that the nuclear shape and mechanics are impacted upon hyperosmotic stress in a reversible manner and are correlated with gene expression. To identify the molecular bases of this response, we have investigated different mutants. First the GIP proteins are at the nexus between cytoskeleton, nuclear envelope, and chromatin. We found that the gip1gip2 mutant defects exhibits a constitutive hyperosmotic nuclear response and is already primed to resist hyperosmotic stress. As a more exploratory work, I also analysed the contribution of the nucleoskeleton (crwn1 mutant) and cell wall (eli1 mutant) on nucleus behaviour in response to hyperosmotic stress. Our study opens the path to nuclear mechanotransduction in plants, while also offering several prospects for future research in this area.</dcterms:abstract>
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