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<dc:title xml:lang="en">The role of Purkinje neurons in the pathophysiology of Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia 2 (ARCA2)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">Le rôle des neurones de Purkinje dans la physiopathologie de l'Ataxie Cérébelleuse Autosomique Récessive 2 (ARCA2)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">ARCA2</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ataxia</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Neurons de Purkinje</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">COQ8A</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">CoQ10</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mitochondrie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Calcium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Thérapie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">ARCA2</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ataxia</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Purkinjer Neurons</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">COQ8A</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mitochondria</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L'ataxie cérébelleuse autosomique récessive 2, ou ARCA2, est une maladie rare neurodégénérative due à des mutations sur le gène COQ8A. La protéine codée est impliquée dans la régulation de la biosynthèse mitochondriale de la coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). D'après des études antérieures des souris ataxiques Coq8a-/- , l'analyse histologique et fonctionnelle des neurones cérébelleux de Purkinje (PN) a indiqué des altérations spécifiques impliquant une dégénérescence et une fonction électrophysiologique altérée. Dans notre étude, nous montrons que la COQ8A est fortement exprimée dans les PNs alors que son paralogue le plus proche, la COQ8B, est exprimé dans les cellules granulaires cérébelleuses (GC). De plus, nous démontrons que la suppression de COQ8A spécifiquement dans les PNs est suffisante pour provoquer des déficits moteurs et une ataxie cérébelleuse dans un modèle souris spécifiquement délété pour la COQ8A dans les PN. En utilisant une microdissection par capture laser (LCM) couplée au séquençage d'ARN, nous indiquons que le mécanisme sous-jacent de la dégénérescence spécifique des PNs implique un dysfonctionnement mitochondrial qui précède le phénotype ataxique. De plus, les PN Coq8a-/- présentent des arborisations dendritiques anormales, un stress oxydatif et une homéostasie du Ca2+ altérée. Enfin, l'application de 10um CoQ10 sauve le phénotype mitochondrial et morphologique des PN cérébelleux primaires Coq8a-/-, suggérant que CoQ10 pourrait être un traitement bénéfique pour l’ARCA2, tout en soulignant l'importance des analogues de la CoQ10 avec une biodistribution accrue dans le cerveau.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia 2, or ARCA2 is a rare form of neurodegenerative disorder due to mutations on the gene COQ8A. The encoded protein is involved in the regulation of the mitochondrial biosynthesis of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). From previous studies, histological and functional analysis on the cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs) of the ataxic Coq8a-/- mice indicated specific alterations involving dark cell degeneration and altered electrophysiological function. In our study, we are showing that COQ8A is highly expressed in PNs neurons whereas its closest paralog COQ8B is expressed in cerebellar granule cells (GCs). Moreover, we are demonstrating that deletion of COQ8A specifically in PNs is enough to cause cerebellar ataxia and motor deficits in PN-specific Coq8a-/- mouse model. By employing a laser capture microdissection (LCM) coupled to RNA-sequencing, we are indicating that the underlying mechanism of the Coq8a-/- PNs - specific degeneration involves mitochondrial dysfunction that precedes the ataxic phenotype. Furthermore, Coq8a-/- PNs present abnormal dendritic arborizations, oxidative stress and altered Ca2+ homeostasis. Finally, application of 10um CoQ10 rescues the mitochondrial and morphological phenotype of Coq8a-/- primary cerebellar PNs, suggesting that CoQ10 could be a beneficial treatment for ARCA2, while underlying the importance of CoQ10 analogs with increased biodistribution in the brain.</dcterms:abstract>
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