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<dc:title xml:lang="en">The cytoplasmic purge as a resilience response to pore-forming toxins and xenobiotics in the Drosophila intestinal epithelium : ROS signaling and protective effects against sustained exposures</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="fr">La purge cytoplasmique comme réponse de résilience aux toxines et xénobiotiques formant des pores dans l'épithélium intestinal de la drosophile : signalisation des ROS et effets protecteurs contre les expositions prolongées</dcterms:alternative>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Serratia marcescens</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Xenobiotiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Purge cytoplasmique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Espèces réactives de l'oxygène (ROS)</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Cytoplasmic purge</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Reactive oxygen species (ROS)</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Tous les métazoaires rencontrent des pathogènes et des contaminants présents dans l'environnement. Les organismes ont développé des défenses pour lutter contre ces menaces : barrières physiques et système immunitaire limitent l'apparition de pathologies. Ces défenses sont complétées par la résilience, définie comme la capacité de supporter et de réparer les dommages, constituant un déterminant crucial pour la survie de l'hôte.Nous étudions la résilience dans l'organisme modèle Drosophila melanogaster. Nous avions décrit un nouveau mécanisme de résilience dans l'intestin, la purge cytoplasmique. Toutefois, le mécanisme qui initie ce processus reste flou. Au cours de ma thèse j’ai étudié le signal requis pour déclencher l'extrusion, en me concentrant sur les ROS. En parallèle, j'ai étudié la conservation du processus avec d'autres composés. Ces travaux ont démontré que la purge des entérocytes pourrait aussi protéger contre certains xénobiotiques, comme l'alcool et la caféine. Enfin, j'ai décrit un mécanisme de priming, au cours duquel les entérocytes deviennent résistants à une seconde purge dans les jours suivant la première exposition.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">All metazoan encounter pathogens and contaminants presents in the environment. Organisms have developed defenses to fight against these threats: the physical barriers and the immune system limit the appearance of diseases and pathologies. These defenses are complemented by resilience, defined as the ability to withstand and repair damage, which is a crucial determinant for the survival of the host. We study the resilience in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. We had described a new resilience mechanism in the intestine, the cytoplasmic purge. However, the mechanism that initiates this process remains unclear. During my thesis I studied the signal required to trigger the extrusion, focusing on ROS. In parallel, I studied the conservation of the process with other compounds. This work has shown that the purge of enterocytes could also protect against certain xenobiotics, such as alcohol and caffeine. Finally, I have described a priming mechanism, in which enterocytes become resistant to a second purge within days of the first exposure.</dcterms:abstract>
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