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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Le contrôle des frontières dans l'espace Schengen à la lumière des droits nationaux et européen</dc:title>
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<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="it">Il controllo delle frontiere nell’area Schengen alla luce del diritto europeo e degli ordinamenti nazionali</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Espace Schengen</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Contrôle des frontières</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droit d’asile</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pratiques policières</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Politiques migratoires</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Frontière franco-italienne</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Non-refoulement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Droits de l’homme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">État de droit</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Schengen area</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Border control</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Right of asylum</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Police practices</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Migration policies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Italo/French borders</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Non-refoulement</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Human rights</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les accords de Schengen réorganisent le contrôle frontalier en Europe sur la base de l’affirmation du principe de libre circulation créant un double régime juridique applicable aux frontières intérieure et extérieures. L’augmentation des flux migratoires a comporté le rétablissement des contrôles aux frontières intérieures de plusieurs États membres, dont la France. Cette possibilité de réintroduire les contrôles, prévue par le droit européen, a subi des modifications importantes au cours des années, qui ont renforcé le rôle et les prérogatives étatiques en matière de politiques migratoires et de contrôle frontalier. L’analyse de ces politiques, des ordres juridiques nationaux et européens, ainsi que des pratiques policières mises en oeuvre à la frontière franco italienne, dévoile le caractère sécuritaire du droit de l’espace Schengen. Ces politiques comportent en effet le non-respect quasi-systématique des droits des personnes migrantes, notamment des demandeurs d’asile et des personnes vulnérables. En ce sens ces politiques constituent un symptôme de la crise de l’état de droit, modèle juridique fondé sur l’universalité des droits de l’homme.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Schengen Agreements reorganize border control activities in Europe on the base of the affirmation of the principle of free movement, creating a double legal framework for external and internal borders. The increase of migratory movements involved the reintroduction of controls on several Member States’ internal borders, including France. This possibility to reintroduce border controls, deriving from European law, has been the object of several modifications during last years, in order to improve and reinforce national powers and roles in the field of migration policies and border control activities. The analysis of these policies, the study of European and national legal framework and the observation of police practices implemented in Italo-French borders reveal Schengen area law’s securitarian approach. These policies involve several violations of migrants’, asylum seekers’ and vulnerable persons’ human rights. These policies reveal also the crisis of the rule of law, a juridical paradigm based on human right’s universality.</dcterms:abstract>
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