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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Les fonds structurels européens : allocation et efficacité économique</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">UE</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Croissance économique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Cycles économiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Économie politique</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Economic growth</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les fonds structurels européens (FESI) représentent 27,1 % du budget européen 2021-27. Ils co-financent des projets d’investissement pour aboutir à la convergence des niveaux de vie au sein de l’UE. L’efficacité économique renvoie à la capacité des FESI à stimuler la croissance du PIB. Mais depuis le départ du Royaume-Uni, la synchronisation des cycles économiques de la zone euro doit également être considérée. L’allocation des FESI correspond à leur répartition entre régions récipiendaires, mais aussi à la manière dont ils sont distribués. La thèse est organisée en 4 chapitres : le chapitre 1 conclut sur un effet positif et significatif des FESI sur la synchronisation des cycles. Le chapitre 2 illustre le dilemme entre une absorption rapide des FESI et une efficacité économique élevée dans les régions les moins avancées de l’UE. Le chapitre 3 présente une allocation optimale du Fonds de Cohésion faisant apparaître les biais de son allocation actuelle. Enfin, le chapitre 4 formalise les interactions stratégiques existant entre les régions et leur gouvernement central, détournant les FESI de l’objectif de convergence.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The EU funds stand for 27.1% of the 2021-27 European budget. They co-finance investment projects to achieve the convergence of living standards within the EU. Economic effectiveness refers to the ability of EU funds to stimulate GDP growth. However, since the departure of the United Kingdom, business cycles synchronization in the euro area should also be taken into account. The EU funds allocation corresponds to the distribution between recipient regions, but also to the way in which they are distributed. This thesis is organized in four chapters: chapter 1 concludes on a positive and significant effect of the EU funds on business cycles synchronization. chapter 2 illustrates the dilemma between fast absorption of the EU funds and high economic effectiveness in the lagging regions of the EU. Chapter 3 presents an optimal allocation of the Cohesion Fund showing the biases of its current allocation. Finally, chapter 4 formalizes the existing strategic interactions between regions and their central government, diverting the EU funds from the convergence objective.</dcterms:abstract>
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