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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Anna de Noailles et Gabriele d'Annunzio, splendeurs et misères du poète national</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Anna de Noailles and Gabriele d'Annunzio, rise and fall of the national poet</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Anna de Noailles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Gabriele d'Annunzio</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Poète national</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Belle époque</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Première guerre mondiale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Néo-romantisme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Lyrisme</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Marcel Proust</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Anna de Noailles</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Gabriele d'Annunzio</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">National poet</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Belle epoque</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">First world war</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Neo-romanticism</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Lyricism</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Marcel Proust</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="026653095" autoriteSource="Sudoc">D'Annunzio, Gabriele (1863-1938)</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="028922832" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Civilisation -- Europe -- 20e siècle</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027517926" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Guerre mondiale (1914-1918) -- Littérature et guerre</tef:elementdEntree>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="028236874" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Lyrisme (littérature)</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse est consacrée aux correspondances nombreuses existant entre Anna de Noailles (1876-1933) et Gabriele d’Annunzio (1863-1938), qui tous deux ont connu les splendeurs et les misères attachées à leur rôle de derniers poètes nationaux européens. Dans l’éloge funèbre d’Anna de Noailles prononcé par Anatole de Monzie, alors ministre de l’Instruction publique, le 5 mai 1933, une phrase se détachait du discours officiel : « (…) elle était notre d’Annunzio nationale ». Ce pan de l’histoire littéraire restant jusqu’aujourd’hui presque totalement ignoré, son examen s’est imposé à nous. Leur commune enfance de prodiges, les thèmes lyriques développés dans leur jeunesse, leur position durant la Grande Guerre, le statut national auquel ils ont accédé, leur lutte soutenue contre les mouvements littéraires modernes (surréalisme/futurisme), leur commune décadence et surtout leur rencontre et leur réciproque estime ont donc pu faire l’objet de comparaisons éclairantes. Survivants d’un romantisme hyperbolique, les deux poètes forment au XXe siècle une enclave anachronique : leur lyrisme exalté, mis au service d’ambitions désuètes, les voue successivement à la gloire et à l’oubli. Si les caricaturistes, auteurs de pastiches, marionnettistes ou chansonniers les confondaient volontiers, de leur vivant, dans une moquerie littéraire ou graphique, les critiques, naguère louangeurs, les noyèrent après leur mort dans une même vague de mépris. Au-delà de particularités strictement littéraires, leur condition d’écrivains-personnages et leur rôle de poètes de l’action unissent ces personnalités, dans ce moment de bascule que marqua la Première Guerre mondiale. Les dernières gesticulations de ces écrivains crépusculaires, au coeur des Années folles, finirent par s’immobiliser dans la cristallisation d’un monde que Proust tenta d’élucider.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This thesis deals with the numerous exchanges and commonalities between Anna de Noailles (1876-1933) and Gabriele d’Annunzio (1863-1938), who both experienced the highs and lows linked to their role as last European national poets. In the Anna de Noailles eulogy read out by Anatole de Monzie, who was then Minister for Education, on 5th May 1933, one sentence stood out from the official speech : “(…) she was our national d’Annunzio”. As this part of literary history remains almost unknown to this day, we felt bound to explore it further. Their shared experience as child prodigies, the lyrical themes developed in their youth, their posturing during the Great War, the national status they attained, their continued fight against modern literary movements (surrealism/futurism), their shared decadence and above all their meeting and their mutual respect have given rise to enlightening comparisons. Having survived a hyperbolic romanticism, both poets became an anachronistic enclave of the 20th century : their exalted lyricism, which fed outdated ambitions, was such that they were destined successively for glory and oblivion. Although caricaturists, pastiche painters, puppeteers or chansonniers happily mixed them up whilst they were alive, for the purpose of literary or graphic mockery, after their death they were inflicted the same wave of disdain by the critics who thus far had only ever praised them. Beyond strictly literary specificities, their status as writers-characters and their mission as action-poets united them in the watershed event that was the First World War. The last mutterings of these writers on the wane, at the height of the Roaring Twenties, eventually ceased with the cristallisation of a world which Proust attempted to solve.</dcterms:abstract>
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