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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Biopsie optique des lésions cutanées par imagerie spectro-polarimétrique : instrumentation et analyse de mesures in-vivo</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Polarimétrie</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Biopsie optique</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Biomedical imaging</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Optical biopsy</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027871460" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Polarimétrie</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Le cancer de la peau est un cancer répandu pour lequel un diagnostic précoce est essentiel car les mélanomes peuvent être très agressifs. Le travail de cette thèse s’inscrit dans un projet d’aide au diagnostic du cancer de la peau basé sur l’imagerie polarimétrique. Cette méthode, sensible à la nature des tissus et leur structure, fournit des informations supplémentaires par rapport à l’imagerie d’intensité classique. Durant cette thèse, un spectro-polarimètre de Mueller destiné à mesurer la matrice de Mueller de la peau in-vivo a été construit. Son architecture est basée sur l’utilisation de cristaux liquides LCVR. Différentes méthodes de contrôle et de calibration de l’instrument ont été mises en place. Ses capacités de diagnostic ont été testées sur le petit animal puis sur l’homme. Chez le petit animal, trois stades de développement tumoral ont été repérés avec la polarimétrie. Chez l’homme, une différenciation polarimétrique entre lésions cancéreuses et non cancéreuses est repérée.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Skin cancer is a widespread type of cancer that requires early diagnosis since melanomas can be very aggressive. The work conducted during this thesis is part of a project that aims to aid skin cancer diagnosis, using polarimetric imaging. This method responds to the nature of biological tissues and their structure, and it provides more information than regular intensity imaging. During this thesis, a Mueller spectro-polarimeter that performs in-vivo measurements of the Mueller matrix of skin was built. Its architecture is based on the use of Liquid Crystal Variable Retarders. Methods to control and calibrate the device were implemented. Several studies on small animal and on man were carried out to evaluate the potential for diagnosis of the device. The studies on small animal showed three stages of tumor development detected with polarimetry. During the clinical trial on man, a differentiation between the polarimetric response of cancerous and non-cancerous lesions was made possible.</dcterms:abstract>
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