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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Évaluation mécanique et numérique d’un dispositif d’ostéosynthèse pour les fractures de l’humérus proximal</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Humérus proximal</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Proximal humerus</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fractures</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Ostheosynthesis</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Bone fixation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Digital model</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Sans un consensus établi par la communauté médicale lors de la réduction et fixation des fractures instables de l’humérus proximale, plusieurs dispositifs d’ostéosynthèse ont pu voir le jour. Ceci a entrainé le développement d’un large choix de méthodes non-standardisées pour les évaluer biomécaniquement. Ceci exige en conséquence une étude approfondie des méthodes existantes d’évaluation ainsi qu’un cadre qui permet de comparer, voire développer, des dispositifs d’ostéosynthèse, en respectant le cadrage établi par les principaux acteurs de standardisation orthopédique (dont la Foundation AO). Cette thèse s’inscrit ainsi dans cette démarche et propose de développer un système d’évaluation biomécanique qui repose sur des essais ex vivo et in silico. Pour cela, nous avons conçu un montage mimant l’articulation glénohuméral, qui permet de supporter des sollicitations mécaniques physiologiques. En parallèle, un modèle numérique est développé en par la méthode des éléments finis en se basant sur un jumeau numérique existant. Dans ce travail, nous avons non seulement développé un montage expérimental capable de tester systématiquement l’humérus proximale, avec ou sans un dispositif d’ostéosynthèse, en respectant ses contraintes géométriques et ses charges mécaniques mais aussi qu’un jumeau numérique peut être alimenté et enrichi avec les données issues de cette campagne expérimentale.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Without a consensus established by the medical community in the reduction and internal fixation of unstable proximal humerus fractures, several osteosynthesis devices have been developed. A wide range of non-standardized methods have been developed for biomechanical evaluation. As a consequence, it is necessary to conduct a thorough study of the methods for evaluating existing osteosynthesis devices in order to identify a framework that would allow the comparison, or even the development, of osteosynthesis devices, strictly in line with the framework established by the main players in orthopaedic standardisation (including the AO Foundation). The work of this thesis falls within this framework and proposes to develop a biomechanical evaluation system based on ex vivo, in vitro and in silico tests. For this purpose, we have designed an assembly mimicking the glenohumeral joint, which allows to withstand physiological mechanical stresses, and in parallel, a model based on the finite element method based on an existing numerical twin. We show that not only the set-up is capable of systematically testing the proximal humerus, with or without an osteosynthesis device, respecting geometrical constraints and mechanical loading cases, but also that a digital twin can be fed and enriched with data from these experimental campaigns.</dcterms:abstract>
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