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<dc:title xml:lang="en">Preparation and Rydberg excitation of large arrays of microscopic atomic ensembles</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Atomes-froids</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">La physique quantique à N-corps</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Ensembles atomiques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Pinces optiques</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Des atomes froids dans des réseaux de pinces optiques sont apparus comme l'un des plates-formes les plus polyvalentes pour la physique quantique à N-corps, la simulation et l'informatique quantiques. Dans cette thèse, je rapporte un moyen de réaliser des réseaux de pièges optiques occupés uniformément, de tailles bien supérieures à ~200 sites, en utilisant des collisions élastiques par opposition aux collisions inélastiques assistées par la lumière et je fais progresser considérablement la faisabilité des qubits basés sur des ensembles atomiques piégés. Nous démontrons, pour la première fois, des réseaux polyvalents entièrement remplis d'ensembles atomiques de plus de 400 pièges optiques préparés à l'aide d'une matrice de micro-miroirs, où piège microscopiques contient ~60 atomes, un nombre d'atomes élevé et des fluctuations étonnamment faibles du nombre d'atomes. En utilisant des atomes de Rydberg en forte interaction, j'étudie la dynamique d'excitation de Rydberg et les interactions à longue distance dans les grands réseaux d'ensembles atomiques. Cela ouvre la voie à la réalisation de simulateurs quantiques basés sur des ensembles atomiques.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Ultracold atoms in optical tweezer arrays have emerged as one of the most versatile platforms for quantum many-body physics, quantum simulation and quantum computation. In this thesis, I report a way to achieve fully occupied tweezer arrays to sizes well beyond 200 sites by exploiting elastic collisions as compared to light-assisted inelastic collisions and along the way greatly advance the feasibility of quantum simulations based on trapped atomic ensembles with programmable geometries. We demonstrate, for the first time, fully filled versatile arrays of atomic ensembles &gt; 400 tweezers prepared using a digital micromirror device, where each tweezer contains ~ 60 atoms in a microscopic volume, high atom number and remarkably low atom number fluctuations. As a necessary pre-requisite to performing the coherent manipulation of the Rydberg excitation of these atomic ensembles, I present experiments on narrow line with two-photon Rydberg excitation of these large arrays of atomic ensembles. I also discuss an analysis of the effects causing spectral broadening. This work paves the way towards detailed analysis of many-body effects in a structured Rydberg gas-an important step towards building a quantum simulator based on trapped atomic ensembles in optical tweezer arrays. This opens up applications ranging from quantum simulation of exotic quantum spin models, quantum dynamics including transport and many-body localization and quantum cellular automat a with programmable spatial configurations and versatile Rydberg mediated interactions.</dcterms:abstract>
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