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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Porphyrines étendues et hélicité</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Porphyrine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chiralité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Hélicène</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Étude conformationnelle</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Synthèses multi-étapes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Chimie de coordination</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Porphyrin</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Chirality</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Helicene</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Conformal studies</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Multi-step syntheses</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Coordination chemistry</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">L’objectif général de cette thèse a été la synthèse et la caractérisation de porphyrines dont la délocalisation électronique s’étend à travers un système hélicoïdal. Au sein d’une porphyrine, une cyclisation intramoléculaire conduit à la formation de deux atropisomères hélicoïdaux en échange rapide. Les barrières énergétiques d’inversion de ces hélices ont été étudiées en fonction de différents éléments structuraux. Certains énantiomères ont été séparés et malgré leurs propriétés chiroptiques, les temps de demi-vie mesurés en solution sont trop modestes pour rendre ces composés exploitables. D’autres approches visant à s’affranchir du phénomène de racémisation ont alors été développées. Une stratégie alternative consiste à établir une communication électronique entre une porphyrine et un hélicène, un fragment hélicoïdal connu pour sa stabilité conformationnelle. La première approche a consisté à fusionner les deux entités de façon covalente et a permis de former une première porphyrine hélicoïdale. Une deuxième approche est basée sur l’utilisation d’un ion métallique connecteur comme relais électronique entre la porphyrine et l’hélicène. Grâce à cette méthode, plusieurs complexes ont été préparés et caractérisés par diffraction des rayons X.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The main goal of this thesis was to synthesise and to characterise p-extended helical porphyrins. An intramolecular cyclisation led to the formation of a porphyrin possessing two helical atropisomers which interconverts rapidly. Several series of porphyrins were prepared with varying the metal ions and/or by introducing bulky substituents and their racemisation barriers were evaluated. Several pairs of enantiomers were separated and their chiroptical properties were measured. However, their racemisation rates in solution remained high. As a second approach, the helicity source was switched to helicene derivatives. In this regard, two strategies were developed to fuse a porphyrin and an helicene. The first strategy relied on the covalent fusion of both entities and allowed access to a helical porphyrin. The second strategy was based on the formation of coordination complexes in which electronic communication was ensured by a metal ion acting as a relay. By varying structural features, several complexes were prepared and some of them were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis.</dcterms:abstract>
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